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. 2023 Jan 12;7(3):2200213. doi: 10.1002/gch2.202200213

Figure 3.

Figure 3

In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthetic peptides against five human cancer cell lines. a) The amino acid sequences with the predicted secondary structures, net charges, and consensus scores of all synthetic peptides included for experimental validations. b) The positions of ALA‐A1, ‐A2, ‐A3, and ‐A4 peptides (black) on the predicted structure (blue) and the crystal structure (pink; PDB:1b9o) of alpha‐lactalbumin as visualized by UCSF chimera 1.15.[ 11 ] Note that ALA‐A3 and ALA‐A4 have amino acid sequences that partially overlap with ALA‐A1 and ALA‐A2, respectively. c) Cancer cytotoxicity screening against five human cancer cell lines, including lung cancer (A549), colon cancer (HT29), breast cancer (MDA‐MB‐231), neuroblastoma (SH‐SY5Y), and leukemia (K562) cells. The synthetic peptides (200 µm) were incubated with cancer cells at 37 °C for 24 h before measuring cell viability (MTT assay). Only ALA‐A2 exhibited a selective and substantial anticancer effect against A549 and HT29 cells. This experiment was performed in three biological replicates. *p < 0.05; N‐ter: N‐terminal; C‐ter: C‐terminal.