Table 2.

MAPK gene signaling responses in different plants under drought stress conditions.

Plant species	MAPK genes	Activation	Plant stage	References
Arabidopsis	AtMPK2, AtMPK3, AtMPK4, AtMPK5, AtMPK12, and AtMKK	Activated at the transcriptional level Activated by promoter RD29 under dehydration	Seedling	Chen et al. (2015)
Alfalfa	MsP44, MsMKK4	Activated at the post-transcriptional level	Seedlings	Chen et al. (2015)
Rice	OsMPK3,4	Activated by the regulation of protein DSM1 (drought-sensitive mutant1)	Seedling	Huang et al. (2020)
	OsMKK6	Transcriptionally regulated by drought	Seedling	Huang et al. (2020)
	OsDSM1			Gao and Xiang (2008)
	OsMSRMK2,5 and OsMAPKK1	Activated under combined drought and osmotic stress	Seedling	Wang et al. (2010); Chen et al. (2015)
Cotton	GhMAPK2, GhMAPK16	Activated under combined drought and osmotic stress	Germination	Wang et al. (2007)
Maize	ZmMPK2	Activated under reducing water and osmotic pressure	Seedling	Zhang et al. (2011)
Apple	MaMPK	Activated at the transcriptional level	Seedling	Sun et al. (2017)
Potato	StMAPK11	Activated by induction of drought and hormone stress	Flowering	Zhu et al. (2021)
Cucumber	CsMAPKs	Activated by the regulation of stress-associated genes and drought stress	Flowering	Wei et al. (2014)
Strawberry	FvMAPK5,8	Activated at the transcriptional level	Reproductive	Zhou et al. (2014)
Mulberry	MnMAPK1, MnMAPK2	Negatively activated by drought stress	Reproductive	Yan et al. (2016)
Cassava	MeMAPK	Activated 20% in leaves and 70% in roots under high drought conditions	Flowering	Chinnusamy et al. (2007)