Table 3.

MAPK gene signaling responses in different plants under cold and heat stress conditions.

Plant species	MAPK genes	Activation	References
Cold
Arabidopsis	AtMEKK1,6	Calcium-dependent activation, to regulate vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE)	Zhang et al. (2006)
	AtMPK1,6	MKK2 is the upstream activator of MPK4 and MPK6	Zhang et al. (2018)
	AtMAPKK, AtMKK2
Alfalfa	MsSAMK, MsP44MKK4	Activated by cold shock domain-containing proteins (CSDPs)	Agarwal et al. (2010)
Blue mustard	CbMAPK3	Activated under low temperature	Nakagami et al. (2005)
Cotton	GhMAPK, GhMAPK2, 7	Activated under 4°C	Yang et al. (2019)
Maize	ZmMPK3,5	Activated under high accumulation of proline	Zhang et al. (2011)
	ZmMPK17	Activated under chilling conditions	Kong et al. (2011)
Rice	OsMSRMK2	Activated at 12°C	Meng and Zhang (2013)
	OsMAPKK2, 4,6 and 10	Activated by low temperature stress at the transcriptional level
	OsMKK6, OsMPK3	Activated by cold shock domain-containing proteins (CSDPs)	Xie et al. (2012)
	OsMAPK5	Activation under chilling temperature	Xiong and Yang, 2003
Sea bean	SbMAPKK	Activated by cold shock domain-containing proteins (CSDPs)	Meng and Zhang (2013)
Tomato	SlMPK3	Upregulation under low temperature	Yu et al. (2015)
Heat
Rice	OsMKK4,6	Activated when temperature increased from 37°C	Wen et al. (2002); Kumar et al. (2008)
	OsMSRMK2	Activated at high temperature < 37°C	Agrawal et al. (2002)
Alfalfa	MsHAMK	Activated by the activation of heat shock protein.	Sangwan et al. (2002)
Potato	StMPK1	Activated by high temperature stress at the transcriptional level	Blanco et al. (2006)
Cucumber	CsMKK4	Activated by the upregulation of heat shock transcription factors (HSFs)	Wei et al. (2014)
Strawberry	FvMAPKK3	Activated by the upregulation of HSFs	Lohani et al. (2020)
Mulberry	MnMAPK1,5,6	Activated at 40°C under high temperature	Yan et al. (2016)
Tomato	SlMPK1	Negitively regulated under high temperature	Ding et al., 2018