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. 2023 Mar 10:1–16. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s12144-023-04476-6

Table 4.

Model summaries for hierarchical regression analysis of effect of child's age, time since diagnosis, guilt, shame, and self-forgiveness on parental stress

Parents of children with ASD
Variable B SE B β t 95% CI R R2 R2 change F F
Change
Sig. of F change
Step 1 .201 .040 .040 2.94 2.94 .056
Child’s age -.89 .40 -.26* -2.24 [-1.68, -.11] .027
Time since diagnosis -.45 .48 .10 .93 [-.50, 1.40] .353
Step 2 .273 .232 10.27 14.59 .000
Child’s age -.55 .36 -.16 -1.53 [-1.25, .16] .127
Time since diagnosis .41 .43 .10 .97 [-43, 1.26] .336
Guilt .05 .43 .01 .11 [-.81, .90] .915
Shame .65 .47 .17 1.39 [-.28, 1.59] .168
Self-forgiveness -.73 .23 -.34** -3.14 [-1.19, -.27] .002

Bolded values represent significant results

** p ≤ .01; * p ≤ .05