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. 2023 Mar 10:1–16. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s12144-023-04476-6

Table 7.

Categories and subcategories of self-forgiveness in relation to parenting, and its facilitators and barriers for both groups of parents

Parents of Children with ASD
(n = 143)
Parents of Neurotypical Children
(n = 135)
Self-forgiveness CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY
Factors Related to the Parent Parent Behaving Inappropriately Toward the Child Factors Related to the Parent Parent Behaving Inappropriately Toward the Child
Parenting Practices Parenting Practices
Own Person Self-forgiveness to Themselves
Prenatal, Perinatal, and Postnatal Factors Mother’s Behavior during Pregnancy Factors Related to the Child Insufficiently Close Attachment with
Vaccination Early Separation from the Child
Birth
Need for Self-forgiveness Something to forgive but not specified
Other Irreversibility of ASD Other Not Providing the Ideal Family
Financial Stability Family’s Financial Stability
Facilitators SUBCATEGORY SUBCATEGORY
Acceptance Acceptance
Social Support Corrective Behavior
Religious Belief Hope
Love from the Child Child’s Progress
Corrective Behavior Religious Belief
Rationalization Social Support
Time Forgiveness from Others
Other Other
Barriers Individual Characteristics Individual Characteristics
Past Inability to Change the Situation
Feelings of Guilt Guilty Feelings
Exhaustion/Fatigue Repeating the Same Mistakes
Other Other