Table 1.
Included Studies.
| Meta-Analysis (Study) | Number of Studies | Number of Participants | Study Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adiponectin | |||
| Gu L et al. Serum adiponectin in breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11433 [30] | 31 eligible studies were included | Βreast cancer group (7388), Control Group (8491) | Lower serum adiponectin levels in BC cases, in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women, especially among Asians but not in the Caucasian population. |
| Yu Z, Tang S, Ma H, Duan H, Zeng Y. Association of serum adiponectin with breast cancer: A meta-analysis of 27 case-control studies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Feb;98(6):e14359 [31]. | 27 eligible studies were included | Βreast cancer group (7176), Control Group (8318) | Serum adiponectin was inversely associated with breast cancer. Decreased serum adiponectin levels in pre-menopausal women, post-menopausal status. In addition, low serum adiponectin levels in Asian women were more likely to be associated with breast cancer risk than in Caucasian women. |
| Yoon YS, Kwon AR, Lee YK, Oh SW. Circulating adipokines and risk of obesity related cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Jul-Aug;13(4):329–339 [32] | 14 eligible studies were included | By cancer site and type, highest category of adiponectin was associated with decreased risk of breast cancer | |
| Leptin | |||
| Pan H, Deng LL, Cui JQ, Shi L, Yang YC, Luo JH, Qin D, Wang L. Association between serum leptin levels and breast cancer risk: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jul;97(27):e11345 [44]. | 35 eligible studies were included | Brest Cancer Group (6086) vs. Control Group (7158) | Serum leptin levels were related to breast cancer risk as demonstrated by calculations of the overall SMD = 0.46 (95% CI = 0.31–0.60, I2 = 93.5%). A subgroup analysis of BMI identified an association between breast cancer and serum leptin levels in patients who are overweight and obese (overweight: SMD = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.13–0.57, I2 = 88.1%; obesity: SMD = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.64–2.12, I2 = 89.6%). Additionally, menopausal status subgroup analysis revealed a significant association in post-menopausal women (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.12–0.40, I2 = 77.9%). Furthermore, we identified a significant association between breast cancer and serum leptin levels in Chinese women (SMD = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44–0.79, I2 = 40.6%). |
| Yoon YS, Kwon AR, Lee YK, Oh SW. Circulating adipokines and risk of obesity related cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Jul-Aug;13(4):329–339. [32] | 9 eligible studies were included | In the linear dose-response analysis by cancer type, each 5 ng/mL increase in leptin was not significantly associated with BC. Leptin was significantly associated with increased risk of cancer. | |
| Sayad S, Dastgheib SA, Farbod M, Asadian F, Karimi-Zarchi M, Salari S, Shaker SH, Sadeghizadeh-Yazdi J, Neamatzadeh H. Association of PON1, LEP and LEPR Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021 Aug 1;22(8):2323–2334. [43] | 12 studies on LEP rs7799039, and 14 studies on LEPR rs1137101 were selected. | 3444 cases and 3583 controls on LEP (leptin) rs7799039 polymorphism, 5330 cases and 6188 controls on LEPR(leptin receptor) rs1137101 polymorphism | LEP rs7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 polymorphisms were not associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. |
| Gui Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Xu S, Luo X, Chen L. The association between obesity related adipokines and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2017 May 13;8(43):75389–75399 [37]. | 46 eligible studies were included | Brest Cancer Group (6459) vs. Control Group (7155) | ER positive cases had significantly higher leptin levels than ER negative cases, Leptin and TNF-α levels were also significantly higher in lymph node metastasis (LNM) positive cases than in LNM negative cases, Leptin levels were significantly higher among post-menopausal cases than pre-menopausal cases |
| Resistin | |||
| Hashemi M, Bahari G, Tabasi F, Moazeni-Roodi A, Ghavami S. Association between rs1862513 and rs3745367 Genetic Polymorphisms of Resistin and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018 Oct 26;19(10):2709–2716. [68] | 9 studies were included | 1951 cancer patients and 2295 healthy controls were included | The data revealed no correlation between the rs3745367 polymorphism and cancer risk. |
| Yoon YS, Kwon AR, Lee YK, Oh SW. Circulating adipokines and risk of obesity related cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Jul-Aug;13(4):329–339 [32]. | 5 eligible studies were included | The highest vs. lowest meta-analysis showed no relationship between resistin and cancer risk, with high heterogeneity between studies. Exclusion of one study resulted in significance during sensitivity analysis. | |
| Gui Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Xu S, Luo X, Chen L. The association between obesity related adipokines and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2017 May 13;8(43):75389–75399. [37] | 6 studies were eligible | Brest Cancer Group (1236) vs. Control Group (1137) | Mean concentrations were higher than in the control group, but among Asian cases and not in non-Asian groups. |
| Visfatin (eNampt) | |||
| Gui Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Xu S, Luo X, Chen L. The association between obesity related adipokines and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2017 May 13;8(43):75389–75399. [37] | 3 studies were eligible | Brest Cancer Group (433) vs. Control Group (271) | Mean concentrations of visfatin were higher in cases than controls. There was no significant difference in the levels of visfatin between subjects with BMI > 25 kg/m2 and those with BMI < 25 kg/m2 |
| Ghaneialvar H, Shiri S, Kenarkoohi A, Fallah Vastani Z, Ahmadi A, Khorshidi A, Khooz R. Comparison of visfatin levels in patients with breast cancer and endometrial cancer with healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 18;5(6):e895. [51] | 10 studies were eligible | Breast Cancer group (260) Control Group (400) | Increased levels in breast cancer. |
| Mohammadi M, Mianabadi F, Mehrad-Majd H. Circulating visfatin levels and cancers risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234(4):5011–5022. [69] | 27 studies were eligible | Breast Cancer group (2693) Control Group (3040) | Metaresults showed a significant higher level of visfatin in patients with cancer than in the controls |
| Osteopontin (OPN) | |||
| Hao C et al. Prognostic Value of Osteopontin Splice Variant-c Expression in Breast Cancers: A Meta-Analysis. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016: 7310694 [67] | 10 time-to event studies were eligible | 1567 breast cancer patients | High level OPN indicated a poor outcome in the OS. High level OPN-c appeared to be more significantly associated with poor survival. Our analyses indicated that both OPN and OPN-c could be considered as prognostic markers for breast cancers |
| Lipocalin-2 (NGAL) | |||
| Wang Y et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin protein as a biomarker in the diagnosis of breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Biomed Rep 2013;1:479–83 [70] |
4 studies were eligible | Breast Cancer Group (332). Control Group (142) | ROC curve (AUC) for Breast Cancer diagnosis was 0.90. Sensitivity: 64% (95% CI, 0.59–0.69). Specificity: 87% (95% CI, 0.81–0.92). |