Figure 2.

BCs activate SIRT1 for histone deacetylation, whereas dietary stress stimulates HAT for histone acetylation. Histones are the major components of chromatin and assemble with DNA to form nucleosomes. Dietary stress-induced HATs acetylate histone lysine residues, neutralizing the histone positive charge and enabling inflammatory gene transcription. However, BC-activated SIRT1 removes acetyl groups from histones, leading to chromatin condensation and the inhibition of inflammatory gene transcription.