Table 2.
Determinants of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Findings of the multiple linear regressions.
| Independent Variables | Depressive Symptoms |
Anxiety Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | −0.16 ** (0.05) | −0.14 ** (0.05) |
| Family situation: -Living together: married or in partnership (reference category: other including [living separately: married or in partnership; divorced; single; widowed]) | −0.64 (0.95) | −0.53 (0.84) |
| School education: -General or subject-specific university entrance qualification (e.g., “Abitur”) (reference: lower school education including [completion of polytechnic secondary school; currently in school education; secondary school diploma; intermediate school leaving certificate (e.g., “Realschulabschluss”); without general school leaving certificate]) | −1.93 + (0.99) | −2.08 * (1.03) |
| Labor force participation: -Full-time employed (reference category: unemployed) | −3.05 * (1.34) | −2.69 * (1.13) |
| -other including [part-time employed; marginally employed (450-euro job or mini-job); retired/early retirement; other; in retraining; in vocational training/apprenticeship | −4.16 *** (1.15) | −2.69 * (1.28) |
| Migration background: Yes (reference category: no) | −0.83 (1.47) | −0.09 (1.25) |
| Religious affiliation: Having a religious affiliation including [Buddhism; Christianity; Islam; other] (reference category: non-denominational) |
0.93 (1.03) | 0.47 (0.93) |
| Already having had gender reassignment surgery: -Yes (reference category: no) | 0.35 (0.95) | 0.73 (0.97) |
| Frequency of sports activities: -Less than one hour a week (reference category: no sports activity) | −0.68 (1.28) | −0.27 (1.23) |
| -Regularly, 1–2 h a week | 1.05 (1.40) | −0.09 (1.46) |
| -Regularly, 3–4 h a week | −0.06 (1.38) | −1.29 (1.31) |
| -Regularly, more than 4 h a week | 0.24 (1.54) | 0.40 (1.39) |
| Self-rated health (from 1 = very bad to 5 = very good) | −3.31 *** (0.70) | −1.88 * (0.76) |
| Having at least one chronic disease: Yes (Reference category: no) | 3.71 ** (1.17) | 2.61 * (1.31) |
| Constant | 26.91 *** (3.37) | 20.24 *** (4.08) |
| R2 | 0.60 | 0.42 |
| Observations | 104 | 104 |
Notes: Unstandardized beta-coefficients are displayed; robust standard errors in parentheses; *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, and + p < 0.10; FIML was used to tackle missing data.