Table 3.
Risk of gastric cancer according to age at H. pylori eradication in patients without a family history of gastric cancer.
| Variables | N | Person–Years | Incidence (95% CI) a |
Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at H. pylori eradication | |||||
| ≥75 years | 827 | 262,139 | 3.15 (2.94–3.37) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| 70–74 years | 1027 | 390,647 | 2.63 (2.47–2.79) | 0.84 (0.76–0.92) | 1.01 (0.91–1.13) |
| 65–69 years | 2039 | 953,595 | 2.14 (2.05–2.23) | 0.68 (0.63–0.74) | 0.95 (0.86–1.04) |
| 60–64 years | 1462 | 861,892 | 1.70 (1.61–1.78) | 0.54 (0.49–0.59) | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) |
| 55–59 years | 1884 | 1,669,636 | 1.13 (1.08–1.18) | 0.36 (0.33–0.39) | 0.67 (0.56–0.81) |
| 50–54 years | 953 | 1,181,730 | 0.81 (0.76–0.86) | 0.26 (0.23–0.28) | 0.56 (0.44–0.71) |
| 45–49 years | 663 | 988,615 | 0.67 (0.62–0.72) | 0.21 (0.19–0.24) | 0.51 (0.38–0.68) |
| 40–44 years | 477 | 1,285,235 | 0.37 (0.34–0.40) | 0.12 (0.11–0.13) | 0.33 (0.23–0.47) |
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Age at screening, per year | 1.06 (1.06–1.06) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 3539 | 4,700,031 | 0.75 (0.73–0.78) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Male | 5793 | 2,893,458 | 2.00 (1.95–2.05) | 2.65 (2.54–2.76) | 2.35 (2.23–2.49) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) | |||||
| No | 5800 | 4,865,695 | 1.19 (1.16–1.22) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Yes | 3531 | 2,727,062 | 1.29 (1.25–1.34) | 1.09 (1.04–1.13) | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) |
| Smoking habit | |||||
| Never | 5094 | 5,336,735 | 0.95 (0.93–0.98) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Former | 2140 | 1,099,546 | 1.95 (1.86–2.03) | 2.03 (1.93–2.14) | 1.12 (1.05–1.19) |
| Current | 2094 | 1,154,625 | 1.81 (1.74–1.89) | 1.90 (1.80–1.99) | 1.39 (1.31–1.48) |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||
| 0 or 1 time/week | 6741 | 5,979,969 | 1.13 (1.10–1.15) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| ≥2 times/week | 2589 | 1,608,489 | 1.61 (1.55–1.67) | 1.43 (1.36–1.49) | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) |
| Physical activity | |||||
| No | 2496 | 1,884,265 | 1.32 (1.27–1.38) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Yes (≥1 time/week) | 6827 | 5,701,664 | 1.20 (1.17–1.23) | 0.90 (0.86–0.94) | 0.92 (0.88–0.97) |
| Comorbidity status b | |||||
| No | 4699 | 4,704,372 | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Yes | 4633 | 2,889,117 | 1.60 (1.56–1.65) | 1.61 (1.54–1.67) | 1.02 (0.98–1.06) |
H. pylori, Helicobacter pylori; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; BMI, body mass index; a Incidence rate was calculated as cases per 1000 person–years. b Comorbidity status was defined as having at least one of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and stroke.