Table 1.

Research using only supplementation.

	Study Design	Duration	n (Study Group/ Control Group)	Age, Years	BMI	Dose	Control Group	Tested Parameters
Rahmani, 2016 [23]	RCT	8 weeks	37/40	46.3 $\pm$ 11.57	30.84 $\pm 4.45$	500 mg/day of an amorphous dispersion preparation comprising 70 mg curcuminoids	Received placebo	ALT, AST, BMI, FGB, HbA1c, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, body weight
Kelardeh, 2017 [24]	RCT	12 weeks	12/12	37.41 $\pm$ 5.17	29.88 $\pm 4.49$	80 mg/day curcumin as a nanomicelle	Received one placebo (3 g dextrose) capsule per day	ALT, AST, ALP, BMI, WC
Navekar, 2017 [25]	DB, RCT	12 weeks	21/21	$42.09\pm 7.23$	31.81 $\pm 4.58$	3 g/day turmeric (6 × 500 mg three times a day)	Patients were given six placebo capsules daily	ALT, AST, BMI, FGB, FBI, HOMA-IR, body weight
Chashmniam, 2019 [26]	DB, RCT	8 weeks	25/20	46.56 $\pm$ 2.25	30.03 $\pm 0.7$	Phospholipid curcumin 250 mg/day (equivalent to 50 mg pure curcumin)	Received one placebo capsule per day	ALT, AST, ALP, BMI, D Bili, FGB, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, T Bili, body weight
Mirhafez, 2019 [27]	DB, RCT	8 weeks	32/29	44.8 $\pm 11.14$	30.06 $\pm 5.76$	Phospholipid curcumin 250 mg/day (equivalent to 50 mg pure curcumin)	Received a placebo	ALT, AST, BMI, FGB, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, body weight
Hariri, 2020 [28]	DB, RCT	8 weeks	23/22	40.95 $\pm 12.24$	30.59 $\pm 5.91$	Phospholipid curcumin 250 mg/day (equivalent to 50 mg pure curcumin)	Received a placebo	ALT, AST, BMI, WC, body weight
Kelardeh, 2020 [29]	RCT	12 weeks	11/11	66.72 $\pm 3.03$	27.60 $\pm 1.26$	80 mg/day curcumin as a nanomicelle	Received a placebo capsule	ALP, BMI, T Bili, body weight
Saberi-Karimian, 2020 [30]	RCT	8 weeks	23/26	18–70	30.02 $\pm 5.45$	500 mg curcuminoids + 5 mg piperine/day	Received one placebo capsule per day	ALT, AST, TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, BDP, SBP, FBG, WC, BMI, body weight

ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; Creat, creatinine; CT, clinical trial; DB, double blind; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; D Bili, direct bilirubin; FGB, fasting blood glucose; FBI, fasting blood insulin; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, total triglycerides; T Bili, total bilirubin; WC, waist circumference.