. 2023 Feb 22;24(5):4353. doi: 10.3390/ijms24054353

Table 2.

OL related metabolites found in plasma and urine samples in humans.

Phenolic Compound	Molecular Formula	Plasma	Urine	Refs.
Phenolic alcohols
Hydroxytyrosol	C₈H₁₀O₃	-	✓	[28]
Hydroxytyrosol sulfo glucuronide	C₁₄H₁₈O₁₂	✓	✓	[27,29]
Hydroxytyrosol glucuronide	C₁₄H₁₈O₉	✓	✓	[27,29]
Hydroxytyrosol sulfate	C₈H₁₀O₆	✓	✓	[27,29]
Hydroxytyrosol-acetate glucuronide	C₁₆H₂₀O₁₀	✓	✓	[29]
Tyrosol	C₈H₁₀O₂	-	✓	[27]
Tyrosol glucuronide	C₁₄H₁₈O₈	✓	✓	[29]
Homovanillic alcohol	C₉H₁₂O₃	-	✓	[28]
Homovanillic alcohol sulfate	C₉H₁₂O₆S	X	✓	[29]
Homovanillic alcohol glucuronide	C₁₅H₂₀O₉	✓	✓	[29]
Secoiridoid derivatives
Oleuropein	C₂₅H₃₂O₁₃	✓	✓	[27]
Oleuropein aglycone	C₁₉H₂₂O₈	-	✓	[28]
Oleuropein aglycone dialdehyde	C₁₇H₂₀O₆	-	✓	[28]
Oleuropein aglycone derivative 1	C₂₅H₃₂O₁₅	✓	✓	[29]
Oleuropein aglycone derivative 2	C₂₅H₃₂O₁₄	✓	✓	[29]
Oleuropein aglycone glucuronide	C₂₅H₃₀O₁₄	✓	✓	[29]
Oleuropein sulfate	C₁₉H₂₂O₁₁S	✓	✓	[29]
Elenolic acid	C₁₁H₁₄O₆	X	✓	[29]
Elenolic acid glucuronide	C₁₇H₂₂O₁₂	X	✓	[29]
Flavones
Luteolin	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	✓	X	[29]
Luteolin glucuronide	C₂₁H₁₈O₁₂	✓	X	[29]

✓: indicates presence of the compound in the sample; X: indicates the absence of the compound in the sample; -: indicates the absence of evidence about the specific metabolite in the sample.