Table 1.
Case characteristics according to FAST.
| Overall (n = 397) |
Combined FAST Stage 1–3 (n = 28) |
FAST Stage 4 (n = 19) |
FAST Stage 5 (n = 57) |
FAST Stage 6 (n = 130) |
FAST Stage 7 (n = 163) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral hygiene management issues and oral health status | ||||||
| Refusal of oral health care, present | 149 (37.5) | 1 (3.6) | 3 (15.8) | 9 (15.8) | 49 (37.7) | 87 (53.4) |
| Independence in performing oral health care, dependent | 198 (49.9) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (10.5) | 4 (7.0) | 48 (36.9) | 142 (87.1) |
| Rinsing ability, impossible | 178 (44.8) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (5.3) | 7 (12.3) | 50 (38.5) | 119 (73.0) |
| Gargling ability, impossible | 229 (57.7) | 2 (7.1) | 3 (15.8) | 15 (26.3) | 77 (59.2) | 132 (81.0) |
| Dental plaque accumulation, present | 171 (43.1) | 6 (21.4) | 13 (68.4) | 22 (38.6) | 53 (40.8) | 77 (47.2) |
| Tongue coating, present | 189 (47.6) | 12 (42.9) | 12 (63.2) | 30 (52.6) | 53 (40.8) | 82 (50.3) |
| No. natural teeth | 1 (0, 28) | 0 (0, 13) | 2 (0, 27) | 3 (0, 28) | 1 (0, 28) | 2 (0, 28) |
| No. functional teeth | 22 (0, 29) | 28 (0, 29) | 27 (11, 28) | 27 (0, 28) | 26 (0, 29) | 11 (0, 29) |
| Other characteristics | ||||||
| Sex, female | 352 (88.7) | 27 (96.4) | 17 (89.5) | 48 (84.2) | 115 (88.5) | 145 (89.0) |
| Age, years | 87 (83–91) | 90 (85–91) | 86 (82–89) | 87 (81–92) | 86 (83–90) | 88 (84–92) |
| Height, cm | 144.8 (140.0–150.0) | 144.0 (140.2–150.0) | 145.4 (143.0–155.6) | 145.0 (145.0–151.5) | 145.0 (140.5–150.0) | 143.0 (138.0–150.0) |
| Weight, kg | 45.9 (39.6–52.2) | 44.8 (36.5–55.3) | 46.8 (40.2–52.8) | 49.0 (43.5–55.5) | 47.6 (42.0–54.2) | 43.5 (37.1–47.8) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.8 (18.7–24.6) | 22.0 (18.2–26.2) | 21.6 (18.6–24.3) | 22.6 (20.3–25.9) | 22.6 (19.8–24.9) | 20.8 (17.8–23.1) |
| CC, cm | 28.8 (25.2–31.6) | 28.4 (25.8–30.7) | 28.8 (27.1–32.9) | 31.1 (28.3–33.7) | 30.3 (27.9–32.0) | 25.9 (22.8–28.8) |
| Medical history | ||||||
| Cancer | 27 (6.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 6 (10.5) | 11 (8.5) | 9 (5.5) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 203 (51.1) | 19 (67.9) | 11 (57.9) | 31 (54.4) | 62 (47.7) | 80 (49.1) |
| Stroke | 78 (19.6) | 8 (28.6) | 1 (5.3) | 6 (10.5) | 25 (19.2) | 38 (23.3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 63 (15.9) | 4 (14.3) | 6 (31.6) | 4 (7.0) | 14 (10.8) | 35 (21.5) |
| Neurological disorders | 6 (1.5) | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (3.1) | 0 (0) |
| Parkinson’s disease | 10 (2.5) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (5.3) | 2 (3.5) | 1 (0.8) | 5 (3.1) |
| Respiratory diseases | 31 (7.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (10.5) | 5 (8.8) | 7 (5.4) | 17 (10.4) |
| BI | 50 (10–70) | 75 (51–94) | 90 (80–95) | 75 (56–90) | 60 (45–70) | 5 (0–20) |
| Nutrition intake, non-oral | 27 (6.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 27 (16.6) |
Data are presented as n (%) or median (IQR). BI, Barthel index; BMI, body mass index; CC, calf circumference; FAST, functional assessment staging of Alzheimer’s disease; IQR, interquartile range; No., number of.