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. 2023 Feb 21;20(5):3824. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20053824
Category Item Factors
Physiological functioning
Medical parameters Treatment of risk factors CVD Treat risk factors CVD according to CVD guideline
Optimize cardiovascular risk profile
Treatment of elevated cholesterol Reduce elevated cholesterol
Treatment of elevated blood glucose Treatment of elevated blood glucose/reach target value blood glucose
Reach target value blood glucose with education and information
Education on influence of physical activity on blood glucose
Improve self-management by education on self-check of blood glucose
Treatment of elevated blood pressure Reduce elevated blood pressure
Lifestyle Promote healthy body weight Advise balance for persons with healthy body weight
Promote reduction of waist circumference for overweight or obese persons
Promote weight loss for overweight or obese persons
Reduce body weight
Improve self-management with healthy diet and physical activity
Promote healthy diet History taking diet
Promote healthy alcohol use
Promote healthy diet
Give dietary advice
Promote physical activity Attention for inactivity
Advise to prevent excessive sitting
Advise strengthening exercises for muscles and bones
Promote physical activity
Coaching on physical activity
Improve endurance
Promote quitting tobacco use Advise or give coaching to quit tobacco use
Advise strongly to quit tobacco use
Advise to prevent inhaling smoke from others
Treatment to improve motivation to quit tobacco use
Medication Promote correct use of medication Pay attention to correct use of medication
Counselling for oxygen therapy
Evaluate use of inhalation medication
Deliver adequate pharmaceutical care through patient counselling
Detect suboptimal medication use
Education on goal and pharmacology of medication
Education on use of inhalation medication aids
Education on oxygen therapy
Improve self-management by education on correct use of medication
Improve therapy compliance Discuss therapy compliance
Improve medication safety Deliver adequate pharmaceutical care by reviewing pharmacotherapy
Deliver adequate pharmaceutical care by medication surveillance
Discuss medication safety
Medication review when prescribing new medication
Periodical medication review by pharmacy and physician
Physical functioning
Prevention Attention for oral care Attention for oral care
Attention for foot care Advise patients on foot care and shoes
Improve self-management with foot checks
Attention for flu vaccinations Yearly invitation for flu vaccination
Education on flu vaccinations
Actual complaints Reduce burden of cough Reduce burden of cough by advising physical activity
Reduce burden of cough by education on clearing sputum
Reduce burden of cough by breathing and relaxation exercises
Reduce dyspnoea Reduce fear for dyspnoea by psychological counselling
Reduce dyspnoea by breathing and relaxation exercises
Reduce dyspnoea by adapting pace
Reduce dyspnoea with medication
Reduce dyspnoea by improving respiratory muscles
Attention for self-management of exacerbations Attention for exacerbation management
Reduce disease burden in future: prevent exacerbations
Education on reducing chances of exacerbations
Education on early detection of exacerbations
Improve self-management by composing an action plan for exacerbations
Functional (dis)abilities
Mobility Attention for mobility Education on possible limitations of fitness to drive
Functioning at home Functioning at home Advise aids
Quality of Life
Treatment burden Reduce treatment burden Reduce treatment burden
Identify treatments with limited effects
Identify medication with elevated chance of side effects
Identify non-pharmaceutical interventions as alternatives to medication
Identify alternative planning of appointments
Identify ways to maximalise effect of current treatments
Identify causes of high treatment burden
Emotional well-being Learn coping with condition through psychological counselling Advise contact with peers
Treatment of adaptation problems
Use psychosocial interventions (training for coping skills, relaxation exercises, stress-management)
Psychosocial counselling to learn coping strategies
Education on the condition
Education on coping with the (consequences of) chronic condition
Pay attention to psychosocial factors (fear of dyspnoea, shame, sexual problems, social isolation, depression) A
Support for psychological problems Support for psychological problems
Reduce stress, fear, sadness, and depression
Social functioning
Social relationships Attention for social relationships Discuss important themes in partner relationship
Discuss communication to others
Pay attention to social context of patient
Labour participation Improve labour participation Advise occupation physician for work related problems
Discuss communication at work
Support for reintegration: reduce burden, improve capacity
Reduce disease burden in future: prevent invalidity and incapacity for work
Education on the possible limitations for work

CVD: cardiovascular disease.