Table 6.
Context Variable | Association with Mechanism (CM Actions and Intensity) |
---|---|
Level of spinal cord injury | In the first 2 years, following injury the CM actions of holistic assessment, advising, proactive coordination was associated with participants who had sustained a cervical SCI. Whereas with thoracic SCI there was a different configuration with holistic assessment, emotional support, and advising. There were no CM action associations with the lumbar SCI in this period. Over the next 2–5-year period, there was still an association with CM actions of holistic assessment and proactive coordination for people with cervical SCI, with thoracic SCI, American Spinal Cord Association Impairment Scale (ASIA) ASIA B and ASIA C participants having an additional association with CM action of education. Participants with lumbar SCI was associated with all six Person-centred CM actions. In the Participation phase for ASIA A there was only an association with proactive coordination, whereas ASIA D had an association with all six CM actions. |
Motor and sensory function | In the first 2 years after injury, there was no association with the severity of motor and sensory spinal injury ASIA A 1 (complete no motor and sensory function below the level of injury), although there was an association with ASIA B (incomplete some sensory but no motor function) but only for CM education. For ASIA C (some limited motor function) the actions of assessment, emotional support, advising, and coordination were all significantly associated. However, there was no association with ASIA D (some motor weakness). |
Functioning | For the first 5 years post injury, accident related-pain was associated with all Person-centred CM actions, and where there were accident-related mental health issues, the CM actions of assessment and proactive coordination. |
Level of education | If the participant had vocational or tertiary education prior to their injury, there was an association with most Person-centred CM actions in the Participation phase. |
Participant attitude | Participants with a positive attitude towards their recovery were associated with all Person-centred CM actions up until the Participation phase. At the 5-year period, if the participants’ attitude towards their recovery was negative, there was an association with CM actions of education and proactive coordination. |
Living with spouse/partner | Holistic assessment action was associated with participants who were married living with their spouse. There was an even stronger association with holistic assessment for participants who were divorced. Case management costs were associated with who the participants lived with (their spouse, single, divorced, or living with their family of origin). CM proactive coordination was associated with Participation phase, but strongly associated with people who were divorced in the Recovery phase and less so people married and living with their spouse. |
Living alone | Being single at the time of the accident was associated with all the Person-centred CM actions in the Participation phase. Participants who were single post injury were also associated CM actions of education, training, and skill development, advising in the first Recovery phase. |
1https://www.physio-pedia.com/American_Spinal_Cord_Injury_Association_(ASIA)_Impairment_Scale (accessed on 13 December 2018).