Figure 5.

Effects of EF-2001 on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways in FL83B hepatocytes. FL83B hepatocytes were treated with 0.5 mM oleic acid (OA) for 48 h to induce lipid accumulation. Media was changed in the absence or presence of various doses of EF-2001. Cells were harvested at the time at which the expression of each AMPK signaling protein was induced, and Western blotting was performed to determine the expression levels of (A). The relative protein expression levels of p-AMPK (B), p-ACC (C), SREBP-1C (D), and FAS (E) are shown in parts, respectively. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (n = 3); * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. control.