Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 24;24(5):4475. doi: 10.3390/ijms24054475

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Treatment with ET-1 induced cell proliferation, and α-SMA and collagen I synthesis in human cardiac fibroblasts. (A–D) Cells were treated with various concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) for 24 h (A–C) and 48 h (D). (A) Cell proliferation was calculated as the percentage relative to control group, and expressed as the mean ± SD. (B) Proliferative capacity of fibroblasts was determined by Ki-67 immunofluorescence assay. Cells were stained for Ki-67 (green) and nucleus DAPI (blue). Scale bar represents 10 µm. (C) α-SMA protein expression was visualized by fluorescent microscope. Cells were stained for α-SMA (green) and nucleus DAPI (blue). Scale bar represents 10 µm. (D) Relative α-SMA and collagen I mRNA levels determined by qRT-PCR were calculated as fold over the vehicle-treated group, and expressed as the mean ± SD. Data are obtained from four independent repetitions (n = 4). * p < 0.05 versus vehicle.