Figure 2.

Dysregulated nutrient sensing pathways. Overview of the somatotropic axis, involving GH and the IIS pathway. Molecules that promote aging are shown in yellow, while molecules with anti-aging properties are shown in light green. Red lines indicate inhibited or slowed pathways and blue lines indicate activated pathways that together promote healthy aging. GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; mTOR, protein mammalian target of rapamycin; AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; FOXO, Forkhead Box; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1-alpha; SIRT-1, sirtuine-1.