Schematic summarising of the potential interaction of metformin and empagliflozin with TLR2 and Dectin-1 and how they may modulate macrophage inflammatory responses (Empa = empagliflozin, TLR2 = Toll-like receptor-2, Dectin-1 = C-type lectin domain family 7 member A, IKKγ = Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma, IKKα = Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha, IKKβ = Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta, NF-κB= Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, ITAM = Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, SYK = Spleen tyrosine kinase, TNF= Tumor necrosis factor, IL-1 = Interleukin-1, IL-6 = Interleukin-6, CCL2 = CC chemokine receptor 2, CXCL8 = Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, IL-1β = Interleukin-1 beta, Nlrp3 = NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3, Nlrc4 = NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 4, GSDMD = Gasdermin D, N-GSDMD = N-terminal fragment of GSDMD. Created in BioRender.Com.