. 2023 Feb 24;12(5):1827. doi: 10.3390/jcm12051827

Table 3.

Dydrogesterone in recurrent pregnancy loss.

			Rate of PL
RCT	Dydrogesterone Treatment	Control Treatment	Dydrogesterone	Control or Untreated Group	RR/OR (95% CI)	p Value
[81]	Dydrogesterone 10 mg BID (n = 82) until gestation Week 12	No additional treatment (n = 48)	13.4%	29.0%	–	p = 0.028
[62]	Dydrogesterone 20 mg/day (n = 175) until gestation Week 20	Placebo (n = 173)	6.9%	16.8%	–	p = 0.004
			Rate of PL
Meta-Analysis	Dataset	Main Result	Progestogen	Control	RR/OR (95% CI)	p Value
[82]	Dydrogesterone vs. placebo or conservative treatment (standard care) Three studies (n = 509)	Significant reduction in the miscarriage rate with dydrogesterone	10.5%	23.5%	OR: 0.29 (0.13–0.65)	NA ^a
[42]	Progestogens vs. placebo or no treatment Ten studies (n = 1586); dydrogesterone vs. placebo or no treatment, three studies (n = 277)	Lower risk of miscarriage with progestogen treatment	–	–	RR: 0.72 (0.53–0.97)	p = 0.03
[2]	Progestogens vs. placebo or no treatment Ten studies (n = 1684); dydrogesterone vs. placebo or no treatment, three studies (n = 518)	Numerical decrease in the miscarriage rate with progestogen treatment (not significant)	20.1%	27.5%	RR: 0.73 (0.54–1.00) ^b	p = 0.10

^a p value not stated; ^b two of the three studies using dydrogesterone showed a clear reduction in the risk of PL with progestogen treatment [62,81]. BID, twice daily; CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; PL, pregnancy loss; RCT, randomized clinical trial; RR, risk ratio.