Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of early gastric cancer patients at the time of initial ESD and comparison between the presence of local recurrence and the absence of local recurrence.
| No Evidence of Local Recurrence (n = 621) |
Evidence of Local Recurrence (n = 20) |
Total (n = 641) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 69.4 (9.5) | 66.2 (9.6) | 69.3 (9.5) | 0.144 |
| Age ≥ 65 years | 438 (70.5) | 12 (60.0) | 450 (70.2) | 0.311 |
| Male, Sex, n (%) | 478 (77.0) | 17 (85.0) | 495 (77.2) | 0.399 |
| Tumor location, n (%) | 0.103 | |||
| Lower third | 440 (70.9) | 10 (50.0) | 450 (70.2) | |
| Middle third | 130 (20.9) | 8 (40.0) | 138 (21.5) | |
| Upper third | 51 (8.2) | 2 (10.0) | 53 (8.3) | |
| Lesion size (mm, mean ± SD) | 13.9 (8.6) | 22.2 (8.2) | 14.2 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Lesion size (Maximal diameter) > 15 mm, n (%) | 227 (36.6) | 17 (85.0) | 244 (38.1) | <0.001 |
| Procedure time (min, mean ± SD) | 26.2 (17.7) | 36.1 (21.1) | 26.5 (17.9) | 0.015 |
| Procedure time ≥ 30 min | 214 (34.5) | 12 (60.0) | 226 (35.3) | 0.019 |
| Follow-up in months, mean (SD) | 50.3 (32.5) | 64.6 (31.1) | 50.7 (32.5) | 0.144 |
| Lymph node metastasis, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (20.0) | 4 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| En bloc resection, (n, %) | 610 (98.2) | 17 (85.0) | 627 (97.8) | <0.001 |
| Complete resection, (n, %) | 590 (95.0) | 10 (50.0) | 600 (93.6) | <0.001 |
| Pathologic diagnosis (n, %) | 0.015 | |||
| Differentiated adenocarcinoma | 597 (96.1) | 17 (85.0) | 614 (95.8) | |
| Undifferentiated adenocarcinoma | 24 (3.9) | 3 (15.0) | 27 (4.2) | |
| Gross type, n (%) | 0.277 | |||
| Elevated | 191 (30.8) | 5 (25.0) | 196 (30.6) | |
| Flat | 58 (9.3) | 4 (20.0) | 62 (9.7) | |
| Depressed | 372 (59.9) | 11 (55.0) | 383 (59.8) | |
| Surface configuration, n (%) | ||||
| Erythema | 595 (95.8) | 15 (75.0) | 610 (95.2) | <0.001 |
| Nodularity | 170 (27.4) | 10 (50.0) | 180 (28.1) | 0.027 |
| Depression | 283 (45.6) | 11 (55.0) | 294 (45.9) | 0.405 |
| Erosion | 279 (44.9) | 4 (20.0) | 283 (44.1) | 0.027 |
| Active Ulcer | 46 (7.4) | 4 (20.0) | 50 (7.8) | 0.039 |
| Scar | 97 (15.6) | 12 (60.0) | 109 (17.0) | <0.001 |
| Submucosal fibrosis, n (%) | 193 (31.1) | 14 (70.0) | 207 (32.3) | <0.001 |
| Invasion depth, (n, %) | 0.080 | |||
| Mucosa | 545 (87.8) | 16 (80.0) | 561 (87.5) | |
| SM1 | 36 (5.8) | 2 (10.0) | 38 (5.9) | |
| SM2 | 13 (2.1) | 2 (10.0) | 15 (2.3) | |
| SM3 | 27 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 27 (4.2) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 15 (2.4) | 1 (5.0) | 16 (2.5) | 0.466 |
| Delayed bleeding, n (%) | 44 (7.1) | 2 (10.0) | 46 (7.2) | 0.619 |
| Latrogenic perforation, n (%) | 4 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 4 (0.6) | 0.719 |
ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; n, number; SD, standard deviation; SM1, submucosal invasion <500 µm; SM2, submucosal invasion 500–1000 µm; SM3, submucosal invasion >1000 µm.