Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Participants based on Total Physical Activity Status (n = 10,853).
| Physically Inactive | Physically Active | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51.8 ± 0.3 | 45.1 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Sex (Men) | 37.0 (35.2–38.9) | 56.2 (54.5–57.8) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 34.1 ± 0.1 | 32.6 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 107.8 ± 0.5 | 106.1 ± 0.3 | 0.002 |
| Hypertension (%) | 46.2 (44.2–48.2) | 31.2 (29.6–32.9) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 22.6 (21.3–24.0) | 11.9 (10.9–12.9) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity (%) | 0.559 | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 65.7 (61.4–69.9) | 66.4 (62.1–70.5) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 12.5 (10.5–14.9) | 11.5 (9.7–13.6) | |
| Hispanics | 16.7 (13.6–20.4) | 17.0 (14.1–20.3) | |
| Others | 5.0 (4.2–6.1) | 5.1 (4.3–6.1) | |
| Smoking (%) | 0.485 | ||
| Never | 55.7 (53.8–57.6) | 56.9 (54.8–58.9) | |
| Current smoker | 17.3 (16.0–18.8) | 17.6 (16.4–18.8) | |
| Ex-smoker | 26.9 (25.2–28.8) | 25.6 (23.9–27.3) | |
| High education (%) | 77.4 (75.2–79.5) | 83.9 (82.1–85.5) | <0.001 |
| Married status (%) | 64.7 (62.9–66.4) | 66.3 (64.7–67.9) | 0.102 |
| Poverty (%) | 16.6 (14.8–18.6) | 14.1 (12.6–15.6) | 0.003 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.6 ± 0.7 | 196.9 ± 0.7 | 0.147 |
| Fasting Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 150.8 ± 3.8 | 148.4 ± 2.9 | 0.558 |
| High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 48.3 ± 0.3 | 47.5 ± 0.2 | 0.007 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 115.9 ± 1.3 | 108.5 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.9 ± 0.02 | 5.7 ± 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 115.3 ± 3.0 | 98.3 ± 2.2 | 0.008 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L) | 27.6 ± 0.4 | 30.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L) | 25.4 ± 0.2 | 26.0 ± 0.2 | 0.028 |
| Gamma-glutamyl transferase (IU/L) | 30.7 ± 0.6 | 30.2 ± 0.5 | 0.565 |
Data are expressed as the weighted mean ± standard error or weighted frequency (95% confidence intervals).We categorized physical activity as physically inactive, who did not meet guidelines, and physically active, who met guidelines according to the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (adults engage in ≥150 min/week of moderate-intensity activity per week, 75 min/week of vigorous-intensity activity per week, or an equivalent combination).Fasting triglyceride (n = 5306), fasting glucose (n = 5301), and fasting insulin (n = 5241) were analyzed in fasting individuals only.