Table 5.
Multivariable Hazard Ratio for Cardiovascular Mortality based on the Amount of Physical Activity among Individuals with NAFLD as defined by the Hepatic Steatosis Index.
| Age, Sex-Adjusted Model | Multivariable Model 1 | Multivariable Model 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Total physical activity (min/week) | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | <0.001 * | 1 | 0.001 * | 1 | 0.002 * |
| 1–149 | 0.51 (0.37–0.70) | <0.001 | 0.57 (0.40–0.80) | 0.002 | 0.62 (0.43–0.88) | 0.009 |
| 150–299 | 0.62 (0.40–0.94) | 0.027 | 0.75 (0.47–1.19) | 0.219 | 0.73 (0.46–1.17) | 0.190 |
| 300– | 0.42 (0.30–0.57) | <0.001 | 0.51 (0.36–0.73) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.38–0.78) | 0.001 |
| Leisure-time physical activity (min/week) | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | <0.001 * | 1 | <0.001 * | 1 | <0.001 * |
| 1–149 | 0.69 (0.48–1.00) | 0.052 | 0.80 (0.54–1.20) | 0.281 | 0.85 (0.57–1.27) | 0.417 |
| 150–299 | 0.78 (0.52–1.16) | 0.214 | 0.86 (0.56–1.32) | 0.496 | 0.83 (0.54–1.26) | 0.379 |
| 300– | 0.29 (0.18–0.46) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.21–0.55) | <0.001 | 0.35 (0.21–0.58) | <0.001 |
| Occupation-related physical activity (min/week) | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | 0.020 * | 1 | 0.238 * | 1 | 0.397 * |
| 1–149 | 0.34 (0.16–0.72) | 0.006 | 0.38 (0.18–0.83) | 0.001 | 0.41 (0.19–0.86) | 0.020 |
| 150–299 | 0.75 (0.38–1.46) | 0.390 | 0.97 (0.49–1.93) | 0.041 | 1.03 (0.52–2.05) | 0.937 |
| 300– | 0.67 (0.47–0.96) | 0.029 | 0.80 (0.54–1.18) | 0.252 | 0.85 (0.57–1.25) | 0.402 |
| Transportation-related physical activity (min/week) | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | <0.001 * | 1 | 0.001 * | 1 | 0.001 * |
| 1–149 | 0.83 (0.53–1.29) | 0.401 | 0.86 (0.53–1.39) | 0.527 | 0.92 (0.57–1.49) | 0.736 |
| 150–299 | 0.52 (0.24–1.15) | 0.107 | 0.53 (0.21–1.32) | 0.171 | 0.55 (0.21–1.39) | 0.201 |
| 300– | 0.28 (0.15–0.51) | <0.001 | 0.28 (0.14–0.55) | <0.001 | 0.30 (0.15–0.58) | 0.001 |
The multivariable model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, marital status, economic status, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, total calorie intake, caffeine consumption, and alcohol consumption using appropriate sampling weights. The multivariable model 2 was adjusted for waist circumference in addition to model 1 using appropriate sampling weights. Abbreviations: NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval. * p-values were analyzed using the test of the trend of hazards.