Table 5. Biosecurity practices in commercial farms in ten districts of Nepal along with antibody ELISA results for NDV and IAV.
ELISA results provide an insight into any possible correlations between biosecurity measures and presence of diseases.
| Districts (4 farms per district) | Chicken Breed | Biosecurity Measures | Antibody ELISA | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broilers | Layers | Other | At least one Disinfectant Used | At least one PPE Used | ND Vaccines | ELISA_NDV | ELISA_IAV | ||||||||
| Cobb 500 | H&N Brown Nick | Hyline Brown | Lohmann Brown | Giriraj | Yes | No | Yes | No | Used | Not Used | Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | |
| Bhaktapur | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| Chitwan | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Dang | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Jhapa | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Kailali | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Kathmandu | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| Lalitpur | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| Morang | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Nawalparasi | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Sunsari | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Percentage | 45.0 | 2.5 | 32.5 | 17.5 | 2.5 | 97.5 | 2.5 | 67.5 | 35.0 | 95.0 | 5.0 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 27.5 | 72.5 |