. 2023 Feb 24;16(5):1863. doi: 10.3390/ma16051863

Table 1.

Gibbs free energy of dimerization reactions ( $Δ G_{r e a c t i o n}; kJ / mol$ ) occurring in an aluminosilicate solution at a pH of 11 [9].

Monomer Species	M	M⁻·Na·3H₂O	M²⁻·2Na·6H₂O	A⁻·Na
M	−1.8	−9.3	−5.3	−21.2
M⁻·Na·3H₂O		−0.9	8.1	−9.7
M²⁻·2Na·6H₂O			35.0	14.5
A⁻·Na				16.9

M = Si(OH)₄, M⁻ = SiO(OH)₃⁻, M²⁻ = SiO₂(OH)₂²⁻, A⁻ = Al(OH)₄⁻.