Table 7.
Qualitative summary of studies evaluating cardiometabolic disease morbidities and mortality in adults.
|
Author,
Year |
Diet Group | Comparator | Mushroom Type (Fresh, Dried, Species) | CVD | Cerebrovascular Disease | CHD | Stroke | T2DM | Hyper-Glycemia |
Elevated
HbA1c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ba et al., 2021 ^ [36] | Mushroom intake, 10–72 g/d | No mushroom intake | NR | HR: 0.82 (0.56, 1.21) |
NR | NR | NR | HR: 0.32 (0.06, 1.65) |
NR | NR |
| Lee DH et al., 2019 ^ [37] | 5 servings/wk, female | Never, female | NR, fresh, cooked, canned | HR: 1.08 (0.94, 1.25) |
NR | HR: 1.09 (0.90, 1.32) |
HR: 1.08 (0.86, 1.34) |
HR: 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) |
NR | NR |
| 5 servings/wk, male | Never, male | HR: 0.93 (0.78, 1.11) |
NR | HR: 0.89 (0.72, 1.10) |
HR: 1.04 (0.75, 1.43) |
HR: 1.04 (0.83, 1.31) |
NR | NR | ||
| 5 servings/wk, pooled | Never, pooled | HR: 1.02 (0.91, 1.14) |
NR | HR: 1.00 (0.87, 1.16) |
HR: 1.05 (0.87, 1.25) |
HR: 1.04 (0.93, 1.16) |
NR | NR | ||
| Pounis et al., 2013 ^ [44] | Tertile 3, male, >28 g/wk | Tertile 1 male, <14 g/wk | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | OR: 1.27 (1.05, 1.55) * |
NR | NR |
| Tertile 3, female, >28 g/wk | Tertile 1, female, <14 g/wk | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | OR: 1.38 (1.05, 1.81) * |
NR | NR | |
| Lee KW et al., 2019 [38] | Prudent Q5, male | Prudent Q1, male | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | HR: 0.93 (0.75, 1.15) |
NR |
| Prudent Q5, female | Prudent Q1, female | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | HR: 0.75 (0.63, 0.89) * |
NR | |
| Nanri et al., 2017 [39] | Prudent Q4, 16 g/d |
Prudent Q1, 5 g/d |
NR | HR: 0.72 (0.64, 0.79) * |
HR: 0.63 (0.53, 0.75) * |
HR: 0.75 (0.66, 0.87) * |
NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Okada et al., 2019 [42] | Vegetable Q4, 40.3 ± 45.8 g/d | Vegetable Q1, 6.47 ± 12.7 g/d |
NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | OR: 0.68 (0.49, 0.95) * |
| Weikert et al., 2005 [46] | CORA Q5, 4.0 ± 0.4 g/d |
CORA Q1, 1.0 ± 0.1 g/d |
NR | NR | NR | RR: 0.39 (0.17, 0.92) * |
NR | NR | NR | NR |
| EPIC Q5, 3.5 ± 0.1 g/d |
EPIC Q1, 1.0 ± 0.1 g/d |
NR | NR | NR | RR: 0.72 (0.43, 1.20) |
NR | NR | NR | NR |
^ A priori assessment of the associations between mushroom consumption and cardiometabolic health. Results are displayed as Risk Ratio (RR) (95% Confidence Interval), Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% Confidence Interval), or Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Interval). Results are displayed as Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% Confidence Interval) of cause-specific mortality. * An asterisk indicates statistical significance, p <0.05. Abbreviations: CVD: cardiovascular disease; CHD: coronary heart disease; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; NR: not reported or not evaluated.