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. 2023 Feb 27;15(5):1188. doi: 10.3390/nu15051188

Table 7.

Changes in the serum levels of selected cytokines associated with cytokine storm at baseline and 10-week follow-up.

Variable Group Control D3 p-Value
IL-1β (pg/mL) Baseline 3.27 ± 1.37 3.22 ± 0.99 PB = 0.852
Follow-up 3.59 ± 2.71 7.63 ± 2.36 PC < 0.001
Change 0.32 4.41
PA 0.574 <0.001
IL-6
(pg/mL)
Baseline 4.55 ± 2.62 5.5 ± 6.51 PB = 0.431
Follow-up 4.85 ± 4.84 26.99 ± 14.47 PC < 0.001
Change 0.30 21.49
PA 0.750 <0.001
TNF-α
(pg/mL)
Baseline 31.16 ± 5.22 33.34 ± 6.36 PB = 0.116
Follow-up 33.65 ± 5.15 33.50 ± 6.18 PC = 0.910
Change 2.49 0.16
PA 0.100 0.899
IL-10
(pg/mL)
Baseline 2.20 ± 0.52 2.01 ± 0.59 PB = 0.159
Follow-up 2.39 ± 1.39 4.46 ± 4.67 PC = 0.016
Change 0.20 2.45
PA 0.433 0.001

Abbreviations: PA, p-value for paired sample t-test; PB, p-value for two independent sample t-test at baseline; PC, p-value for two independent sample t-test at follow-up of trial.