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. 2023 Mar 1;28(5):2288. doi: 10.3390/molecules28052288

Table 2.

Summary of the different whey protein-based encapsulation systems for polyphenols, including details of their particle size and encapsulation efficiency (EE), antioxidant activity assay and antitumor recorded cells. In which ABTS stands for azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), DPPH stands for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, FRAP stands for ferric reducing ability of plasma and ORAC stands for oxygen radical absorbance capacity. The abbreviations n.r. stand for not recorded and n.a. for not applicable.

Protein Polyphenol Particle
Diameter (nm)
EE (%) Antioxidant
Activity Assay
Antitumor
Recorded Cells
Ref.
Whey protein isolate blackcurrant juice, cran-berry juice and musca-dine grape juice 5000, 30,000 and 100,000 28–84 n.r. n.a. [33]
blueberry juice and cranberry juice 1000–100,000 21–46 n.r. n.a. [34]
with pectin Anthocyanin-rich extract
Grape seed extract, hibiscus extract, tannic acid and chatechin
175–204 35 or 55 n.r. n.a. [77]
2000–17,000 n.r. n.r. n.a. [78]
β-lactoglobulin (unheated) (+) catechin <458 n.r. ABTS and ORAC n.a. [79]
green tea extract 33 n.r. n.r. n.a. [80]
33–955 n.r. n.r. breast, colon, glioma, kidney, lung, melanoma, ovarian and prostate [81]
15–200 62–85 n.r. n.a. [82]
tea catechins n.r. n.r. n.r. n.a. [83]
β-lactoglobulin (heated) epigallocatechin gallate <50 n.r. n.r. n.a. [84]
<50 60–70 n.r. n.a. [85]
43 40 FRAP and ORAC n.a. [86]
2–50 74 n.r. n.a. [87]
31 59 n.r. adenocarcinoma, cervical, esophageal carcinoma, gastric, lung, melanoma ovarian and prostate [88]
Blood serum albumin quercetin 9–12 n.r. ABTS and DPPH n.a. [35]
quercetin ~10 nm n.r. ABTS and DPPH n.a. [36]
tea catechins n.r. 45–65 n.r. n.a. [89]