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. 2023 Feb 27;15(5):1178. doi: 10.3390/nu15051178

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Frequency of studies published on the effect of caffeine on strength performance according to the use (or not) of a body-mass adjusted dose of caffeine (a), a combination of caffeine with other substances (b), whether a relationship with other co-ingested substances (c), employed a placebo-controlled situation (d), reported participants’ habitual caffeine consumption (e), and reported caffeine-associated side effects (f).