Figure 18.

Mutational diversity. Number of aa mutations per position. Showing 3045 of 3045 SARS-CoV-2 genomes sampled worldwide (between December 2019 and December 2021). Diversity is shown by the Entropy level reported on the Y axis (range 0.0−1.0), codon number in protein gene of reference is indicated with the black spike characterized by a position (number on the x-axis) and entropy level (Y axis). Below in the horizontal line, the different gene considered important in the genomic diversity description are reported. The open reading frame 1a (ORF1a) gene in green was developed to specifically detect viral genomic RNA. The ORF1 is considered a marker of infectivity of the clinical specimens. Other indicated protein genes are S = spike protein gene, M = main protease gene. Adapted from https://nextstrain.org/groups/neherlab/ncov/global?c=clade_membership&p=grid&r=division.²³⁷