Figure 4.

Predicted migration history of plume system centers and temporal evolution of the double-plume system in 3D view

(A) Current locations of plume system centers identified at different time. The horizontal axis shows the distance to the current plume system center along the plate motion direction, where negative distance means that old centers are located west to the current center. The vertical axis shows the distance to current plume center in the direction perpendicular to the plate motion, where positive distance means that old centers are located north to the current center. Numbers next to the dots indicates the volcano ages.

(B) The emerging Loa plume head causes the Kea plume conduit to migrate southeastward during 6–5 Ma, where the resulting ∼200 km volcanic gap is comparable to the observed surface magmatic hiatus.