Table 1.
Summary of studies included in the review.
| Authors/Country | Design | Purpose | Response Rate | Participants | Instrument | Key Findings | LOE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [25] Iran | Semi-Experimental | To compare the effect of listening to Holy Quran recitation and instrumental music on acute coronary syndrome patients' level of anxiety. | 100% | 96 ACS patients | The 20-item Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) | Both interventions effectively improved acute coronary syndrome patients' level of anxiety but listening to Holy Quran recitation had a better effect in decreasing the level of anxiety. | III |
| [26] Iran | RCT | To examine the effect of listening to the Holy Quran recitation on critical care units' patients' hemodynamics and level of consciousness. | 100% | 30 ICU patients | Glasgow coma and bio-physiological tools | The Holy Quran recitation effectively improved critically ill patients' level of consciousness and decreased vital signs readings. | II |
| [27] Iran | RCT | To describe critical care nurses' experiences assessing and managing postoperative ICU patients' pain. | 100% | 60 critically ill patients | The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) | Listening to the Holy Quran recitation significantly reduced cardiac catheterization patients' level of anxiety. | II |
| [28] Eygpt | Quasi-experimental | To examine the effect of listening to Holy Quran recitation on mechanically ventilated patients' health outcomes who underwent weaning. | 87% | 60 ICU patients | Physiological parameters record, Dyspnea visual analogue scale (DVAS), Visual Analogue Scale of Anxiety (VASA) | The Holy Quran recitation improved mechanically ventilated patients' hemodynamics, oxygen saturation, anxiety level, and shortness of breath during weaning. | III |
| [29] KSA | RCT | To examine the effect of the Holy Quran recitation on mechanical ventilated patients' hemodynamics during weaning. | 100% | 55 ICU patients | Measurements of physiological parameters | There was no adverse effect of listening to Holy Quran recitation during mechanically ventilated patients. However, there was no statistically significant positive effect for HQR. | II |
| [30] Iran | RCT | To examine the effect of spiritual care for burn patients on pain intensity during the dressing changes. | 100% | 68 ICU patients | Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) | Providing spiritual and religious care decreased burn patients' pain intensity during dressing changes and improved pain control. | II |
| [31] Jordan |
Qualitative | To discuss Jordanian Muslim women's suffering experiences in ICUs. | 43% | 16 ICU patients | Interviews | The study highlighted the importance of spirituality and religiosity for critically ill Muslim women patients from patients' perceptions. | VI |
| [32] Malaysia | Pre/posttest Quasi-experimental | To examine the effect of listening to Surah Yasiin recitation on critically ill patients' hemodynamics. | 100% | 5 ICU patients | Measurements of physiological parameters | There was no effect of Yasiin Surah recitation on mechanically ventilated patients' hemodynamics. | III |
| [33] Iran | RCT | To examine the effect of Holy Quran recitation on critically ill patients' level of consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit. | 100% | 66 ICU patients | The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) | Listening to Holy Quran recitation can increase critically ill patients' level of consciousness and. | II |
| [34] Indonesia | Pre/posttest Quasi-experimental | To examine the effect of the Holy Quran recitation as comfort care on mechanically ventilated Muslim patients' comfort. | 33% | 10 ICU patients | Shortened General Comfort Questionnaire (SGCQ) and physiological parameters | The Holy Quran recitation can enhance mechanically ventilated Muslim patients' comfort and hemodynamic stability in ICUs. | III |
| [35] KSA | Phenomenological Qualitative |
To discuss the critical care nurses' experiences who care for Muslim patients in KSA. | 100% | 6 critical care nurses | Unstructured interviews | The study results highlight the methods nurses used while caring for critically ill Muslim patients, such as spiritual care. | VI |
| [72] Songwathana, 2017 Indonesia |
Phenomenological Qualitative |
To discuss Islam-based caring behaviors provided by nurses for critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. | 100% | 14 critical care nurses and 10 families | In-depth interviews | The study highlights the importance of providing Islamic-based care by nurses to enhance the balance of body and mind among critically ill patients. | VI |
| [36] Iran |
Prospective observational study | To discuss the correlation between critically ill patients' religiosity and level of delirium or patients' health outcomes, including the severity of illness, level of consciousness, length of hospitalization, and survival. | 55.6% | 4200 ICU patients | The delirium rating scale-revised-98 (DRS-R-98) | Higher religiosity was associated with lower delirium scores, shorter duration of intubation, and shorter ICU stay. | IV |