Table 2.

Upstream regulators involved in inflammation.

Upstream regulator analysis used gene expression data after 38 weeks of diet to predict the activity of an upstream regulator unrelated to its expression on protein level. The analysis integrates changes in the expression of all known target genes downstream from a particular regulator. The predicted activity of an upstream regulator is represented by a Z-score, a negative Z-score indicates inhibition of the respective regulator, and a positive Z-score indicates activation (shown in red). The p-value < 0.05 in grey indicates significant enrichment of the genes downstream of a regulator, i.e., that more downstream genes are affected than can be expected by chance. N/A indicates an insufficient number of differentially expressed genes to predict the activation state of an upstream regulator.