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. 2023 Mar 10;11(5):e15633. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15633

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Consistency between LC neuronal activity and cycles of VNS. (a) Neurons were classified according to consistency (i.e., correlation of LC activity to a cosine mathematical curve corresponding to cycles of VNS). The percentage of neurons that increased or decreased their activity during VNS “on time” were categorized as positively (green) and negatively (red) consistent for each paradigm. Overall, standard paradigms have more total and negatively consistent neurons than bursting paradigms (p < 0.01). Standard VNS at 20 Hz yields more total consistent neurons than 5 Hz or 10 Hz (p < 0.05) and standard VNS at 30 Hz yields more total consistent neurons than 5 Hz (p < 0.05). For bursting frequencies, the number of positively consistent neurons is higher at seven pulses compared to four pulses (p < 0.05). Longer interburst intervals (IBIs) yield fewer positively consistent and more negatively consistent neurons (1 s vs. 6 s, p < 0.1). (b) Remaining graphs show continuous evolutions of firing rates that were computed and plotted using a 5 s sliding window for negatively consistent (red), inconsistent (gray), and positively consistent (green) neurons across the five VNS cycles delivered for each bursting (b: top) and standard paradigm (b: bottom) with the number of cells for each category shown at the top of each graph. Note that each black bar above the x‐axis represents the VNS “on time” of 30 s. @ p < 0.1, # p < 0.1, *p < 0.1, @@ p < 0.05, ## p < 0.05, **p < 0.05.