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. 2023 Mar 11;9:38. doi: 10.1038/s41531-023-00476-2

Table 5.

Baseline demographic, clinical and inflammatory data from all people with Parkinson´s disease stratified by cognitive status.

PD no CI during study PD new CI during study PD CI at baseline p value PD groups DLB for descriptive purposes
n = 232 n = 72 n = 178 n = 67
Male, % (n) 65 (150) 57 (41) 66 (118) 0.367 69 (46)
Age, years 61 ± 10 64 ± 9# 71 ± 8###§§§ <0.001 72 ± 6
Age at onset, years 55 ± 11 57 ± 9 62 ± 10###§§ <0.001 69 ± 7
Disease duration, years 6 ± 5 7 ± 4 8 ± 5### 0.001 4 ± 9
H&Y 2.0 ± 0.5 2.0 ± 0.5 2.3 ± 0.7 0.161a 2.4 ± 0.6
UPDRS-III 24 ± 10 27 ± 13# 29 ± 12 0.070a 25 ± 8
MoCA 27 ± 2 27 ± 2 20 ± 4###§§§ <0.001a 14 ± 4
LEDD 548 ± 505 666 ± 432# 572 ± 374 0.044a 375 ± 210
Amyloidβ1-42 [pg/ml] 718 ± 245 732 ± 221 689 ± 297 0.481a 491 ± 220
total-Tau [pg/ml] 226 ± 100 221 ± 96 272 ± 152 0.371a 304 ± 192
phospho181-Tau [pg/ml] 40 ± 16 41 ± 14 45 ± 19 0.607a 45 ± 25
NFL [pg/ml] 914 ± 989 835 ± 570 1202 ± 946 0.403a 1669 ± 1698
α-synuclein [pg/ml] 591 ± 286 616 ± 311 636 ± 310 0.118a 501 ± 292
Eotaxin-1 57.7 ± 7.5 57.4 ± 7.8 56.5 ± 8.0 0.651a 55.4 ± 5.8
Factor-VII 450 ± 220 460 ± 200 430 ± 190 0.755a 421 ± 186
ICAM-1 430 ± 170 510 ± 210 540 ± 190 0.726a 511 ± 224
Interleukin-1ra 19.7 ± 8.8 17.6 ± 7.9 20.1 ± 9.7 0.224a 19.8 ± 9.6
Interleukin-2 10.9 ± 6.2 11.4 ± 5.7 10.5 ± 5.5 0.189a 10.7 ± 6.2
Interleukin-4 8.73 ± 4.31 7.71 ± 3.18 8.05 ± 3.66 0.372a 9.36 ± 4.19
Interleukin-6 1.00 ± 0.41 1.05 ± 0.36 0.98 ± 0.37 0.684a 1.12 ± 0.48
Interleukin-7 4.08 ± 2.33 4.33 ± 2.64 4.37 ± 2.81 0.466a 4.19 ± 2.76
Interleukin-8 39.5 ± 12.4 37.5 ± 10.5 41.9 ± 14.6 0.247a 47.0 ± 16.9
Interleukin-12p40 0.12 ± 0.05 0.11 ± 0.04 0.13 ± 0.07##§§ 0.004a 0.11 ± 0.04
Interleukin-18 7.87 ± 3.62 9.00 ± 4.99 8.93 ± 4.13 0.130a 9.99 ± 4.95
MCP-1 668 ± 221 668 ± 208 719 ± 232 0.716a 836 ± 242
MIP-1 alpha 10.2 ± 4.6 9.5 ± 4.8 11.0 ± 5.2 0.622a 10.3 ± 4.1
MIP-1 beta 62.6 ± 17.2 62.5 ± 17.6 67.3 ± 20.8 0.814a 66.4 ± 13.9
MMP3 140 ± 60 140 ± 60 160 ± 70 0.758a 154 ± 76
MMP9 6510 ± 3440 6960 ± 3030 7210 ± 3440 0.064a 6047 ± 3355
SCF 73.3 ± 24.4 71.7 ± 24.4 78.8 ± 25.0 0.560a 75.2 ± 27.3
TNF-alpha 3.42 ± 1.06 4.10 ± 1.91# 3.53 ± 1.06§ 0.037a 3.91 ± 1.32
VEGF 35.3 ± 5.9 35.6 ± 5.5 36.7 ± 6.4 0.957a 36.8 ± 6.7

Data were presented as mean and standard deviation.

CI cognitive impairment.

aANCOVA with age and disease duration as co-variables.

# compared to PD no CI, § compared to PD new CI.