Table 1.

Identified mediators in the association between child maltreatment and adolescent and young adult STBs

	Suicidal ideation	Suicide attempts or behavior	Combined
Biological	n/a	n/a	n/a
Psychological	General maltreatment: • Depression and/or depressive symptoms (Cromer et al., 2019*b; Handley, Adams, et al., 2019; Miller et al., 2014*) • Negative emotions (Cho & Glassner, 2020*) Sexual abuse: • Guilt and depressive symptoms (Sekowski et al., 2020) • Depressed mood (Sigfusdottir et al., 2013) • Comorbid internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectory (Duprey et al., 2019b*) Physical abuse: • Psychological distress (Thompson et al., 2012*) • Internalizing problems (Salzinger et al., 2007*; Wan & Leung, 2010) • Externalizing problems (Wan & Leung, 2010) • Guilt and depressive symptoms (Sekowski et al., 2020) • Guilt and shame (Sekowski et al., 2020) Emotional abuse: • Psychological distress (Thompson et al., 2012*) • Self-compassion (Zhang et al., 2020) • Psychache (Li et al., 2019*) • Self-esteem (Duprey et al., 2019a) • Gratitude (Kwok et al., 2019*) Neglect: • Depression and/or depressive symptoms (Kwok & Gu, 2019*; Sekowski et al., 2020) • Depressive/anxious symptoms (Paul & Ortin, 2019*) • Comorbid aggressive and internalizing symptoms (Paul & Ortin, 2019*) • Guilt and depressive symptoms (Sekowski et al., 2020) • Self-compassion (Zhang et al., 2020)	General maltreatment: • Mental healthcare service utilization (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) • General fatigue and sleep problems (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) • Self-esteem (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) • Poor appetite (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) • Having run away from home (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) Sexual abuse: • Depressed mood or depression (Sigfusdottir et al., 2013) • Bipolar disorder (Barbot et al., 2020*) • Anger (Sigfusdottir et al., 2013) • Comorbid internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectory (Duprey et al., 2019b*) Physical abuse: • Self-esteem (Cero & Sifers, 2013) Emotional abuse: • Mood disorders (Barbot et al., 2020*a) • Psychotic symptoms (Barbot et al., 2020*b)	General maltreatment: • Emotion dysregulation (Marques-Feixa et al., 2021) Emotional abuse: • PTSD (Tang et al., 2018) • Depression (Tang et al., 2018) • Self-criticism (Falgares et al., 2018) Neglect: • Depression (Tang et al., 2018) • Self-criticism (Falgares et al., 2018)
Interpersonal	General maltreatment: • Mother-daughter relationship quality (Handley, Adams, et al., 2019) • Mother-daughter conflict (Handley, Adams, et al., 2019) Physical abuse: • Poor family relationships (Wan & Leung, 2010) Emotional abuse: • Perceived burdensomeness (Puzia et al., 2014*)	General maltreatment: • Interpersonal difficulties (Johnson et al., 2002) • Exposure to peer suicidal behaviors (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) • Relationship closeness and satisfaction with father (Ammerman et al., 2018*b) • Relationship satisfaction with mother (Ammerman et al., 2018*b)

Note. Emotional abuse includes verbal abuse. Neglect includes physical and emotional neglect. Studies using ACE measures (broadly defined) not included in table.

^*Studies using longitudinal or prospective designs.

^aFinding was significant for boys only.

^bFinding was significant for girls only.