Table 2.
Summary of outcome values from included studies.
| Study | Time-horizon | Interventions | Costs | Incremental costs | Effectiveness* | Incremental effectiveness | Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) | Utilities | Net monetary benefits (NMB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Childhood myopia control | |||||||||
| Hong et al. (16) | Lifetime (80) years | Photorefractive screening plus atropine 0.01% vs. corrective lenses | NA | NZ$ 18 | NA | 0.0129 | 1,590/QALY | NA | NA |
| Myopia correction | |||||||||
| Balgos et al. (17) | 30 years | SMILE | € 25,854 | NA | 24 | NA | 14/QALY | 0.8 | NA |
| FS-LASIK | € 25,889 | NA | 23.1 | NA | 15/QALY | 0.77 | NA | ||
| PRK | € 22,444 | NA | 24 | NA | 18/QALY | 0.8 | NA | ||
| Lamparter et al. (18) | NS | LASIK | €3,075 | - | 5.930D | - | 519/dioptre gained | NA | NA |
| Pathologic myopia | |||||||||
| Cui et al. (19) | 10 years | Conbercept | RMB 222,648 | RMB −15,411 | 7.528 | 0.029 | −541,974/QALY | + | NA |
| Ranibizumab | RMB 238,059 | - | 7.499 | NA | NA | + | NA | ||
| Claxton et al. (20) | Lifetime | Ranibizumab | £12,866 | NA | 12.99 | NA | NA | + | NA |
| PDT | £14,421 | NA | 12.6 | NA | NA | + | NA | ||
| Observation | £8,163 | NA | 12.45 | NA | NA | + | NA | ||
| Ranibizumab vs. PDT | - | £-1,555 | - | 0.39 | Dominant | NA | £ 9,289 | ||
| Ranibizumab vs. observation | - | £4,703 | - | 0.54 | 8,778/QALY | NA | £ 6,013 | ||
| Sharma and Bakal (21) | 1 year | PDT (4 treatments) | - | $9,120 | - | 0.037 | 246,486/QALY | + | NA |
NS, not specified; NA, not applicable; D, dioptre.
*
Effectiveness is measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), unless specified.
+
Utility values reported were based on best corrected visual acuity.