TABLE 1.
Summary of research concerning engineered exosomes in wound repair.
| Exosome type | Model | Engineering strategy | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMSC-exosomes | skin wound mouse model | Loading miRNA-542-3p into exosomes by electroporation | promote cellular proliferation, collagen deposition, neovascularization, and accelerated wound closure | Xiong et al. (2022) |
| BMSC-exosomes | calvarial defect rat model | BMSC-exosomes incubated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles with or without a magnetic field | Enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis | Wu et al. (2021a) |
| UCMSC-exosomes | In vitro study | three-dimensional coculture of UCMSCs and endothelial cells under hypoxic conditions | promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis | Zhang et al. (2021b) |
| Engineered miR-31 exosomes | chronic diabetic wounds | transfected miR-31-5p lentiviral vector into HEK293 cells | enhancing angiogenesis, fibrogenesis and reepithelization | Huang et al. (2021) |
| engineered exosomes-derived from monocytic cells | HUVEC | Exosomes treated with immunomodulating compounds | facilitate HUVECs tube formation and enhance skin cell proliferation and migration | Su et al. (2022) |
| BMSC-exosomes | diabetic (db/db) mice | BMSCs transfected to overexpress long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA | promote angiogenesis and wound healing | Born et al. (2022) |
| miR-29a-modified hADMSC-exosomes | thermal mouse model | Transfected miR-29a mimics into hADSCs | reduce excessive scar formation | Yuan et al. (2021) |
| TSG-6 modified MSC-exosomes | mouse full-thickness wound model | overexpression and knockdown of TSG-6 lentivirus infection into hBMSCs | suppressed scar formation via reducing inflammation and inhibiting collagen deposition | Jiang et al. (2020) |
| MSC-EV | In vitro: HUVECs | thrombin preconditioning regimen | enhanced proliferation, the migration and tube formation of HUVECs in vitro, and cutaneous wound healing in vivo | Sung et al. (2019) |
| In vivo: cutaneous wound healing |
Abbreviations: Exo: exosome; HUMSC: human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell; ADMSC: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell; SMSC: synovial mesenchymal stem cells; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; EV: extracellular vesicles.