TABLE 3.

Summary of research concerning engineering exosomes-loaded scaffold in wound repair.

Exosome type	Model	Engineering strategy	Function	Reference
hADSCs-Exos	a diabetic wound festers model	reductive 2D COFs as a nanocarrier to immobilize engineering exosomes (E-Exos) collected from TNF-α-treated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under hypoxia	suppressing oxidative injury and tissue inflammation, promoting angiogenesis and eradicating bacterial infection	Sun et al. (2022)
HUMSCs-Exos	P. aeruginosa infected mouse skin wound defect model	an asymmetric wettable dressing with a composite of exosomes and silver nanoparticles (CTS-SF/SA/Ag Exo dressing)	CTS-SF/SA/Ag-Exo dressing enhanced wound healing by accelerating collagen deposition, angiogenesis and nerve repair	Qian et al. (2020)
ADMSC-exosomes	Chronic full-thickness non-healing diabetic wound	Engineering Bioactive Self-Healing Antibacterial Exosomes Hydrogel	enhanced wound closure rates, fast angiogenesis, re-epithelization and collagen deposition within the wound site	Wang et al. (2019d)
SMSCs-126-Exos	diabetic chronic wound	SMSCs-126-Exos with hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAP-CS) composite hydrogels (HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos)	promote wound surface re-epithelialization, accelerate angiogenesis, and expedite collagen maturity	Li et al. (2016)

Abbreviations: Exo: exosome; COF: covalent organic framework; HUMSC: human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell; ADMSC: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell; SMSC: Synovial mesenchymal stem cells.