Table 2.
Two-sample MR estimates of relationship between genetically predicted micronutrients and cancer.
| Exposure | MR Method | Prostate cancer | Bladder cancer | Renal cell cancer (Female) | Renal cell cancer (Male) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of SNPs | OR (95% CI) | P -Value | No. of SNPs | OR (95% CI) | P -Value | No. of SNPs | OR (95% CI | P -Value | No. of SNPs | OR (95% CI | P -Value | ||
| Copper | IVW | 2 | 1.005 (0.952–1.061) | 0.867 | 2 | NA | NA | 2 | 2.231 (1.524–3.953) | <0.001 | 2 | 3.021 (2.204–4.687) | <0.001 |
| Iron | IVW | 3 | 0.951 (0.896–1.011) | 0.106 | 2 | 1.000 (0.999–1.001) | 0.794 | 2 | 1.484 (1.197–2.337) | 0.0210 | 2 | 1.595 (1.310–1.758) | 0.0238 |
| MR-Egger | 3 | 0.917 (0.814–1.034) | 0.392 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| WM | 3 | 0.954 (0.892–1.020) | 0.170 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Zinc | IVW | 2 | 1.058 (1.002–1.116) | 0.0403 | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 0.124 (0.0434–0.356) | <0.001 | 2 | 0.131 (0.0159–0.208) | <0.001 |
| Wald ratio | NA | NA | NA | 1 | 1.001 (1.000–1.002) | 0.0841 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Blood selenium | IVW | 22 | 0.996 (0.975–1.017) | 0.676 | 9 | 0.998 (0.997–0.999) | 0.0317 | 22 | 0.790 (0.0779–8.030) | 0.842 | 22 | 0.702 (0.0712–6.919) | 0.762 |
| MR-Egger | 22 | 1.023 (0.943–1.110) | 0.595 | 9 | 0.999 (0.997–1.000) | 0.560 | 22 | 1.070 (0.0991–1.9652) | 0.166 | 22 | 3.858 (0.584–8.340) | 0.203 | |
| WM | 22 | 1.003 (0.976–1.031) | 0.835 | 9 | 1.000 (0.999–1.000) | 0.0612 | 22 | 1.851 (0.918–2.977) | 0.201 | 22 | 2.135 (1.940–2.387) | 0.073 | |
| Blood and toenail selenium | IVW | 12 | 0.985 (0.946–1.025) | 0.458 | 4 | 0.999 (0.998–1.002) | 0.182 | 12 | 0.175 (0.004–8.244) | 0.375 | 11 | 0.0960 (0.00173–5.319) | 0.253 |
| MR-Egger | 12 | 1.044 (0.912–1.196) | 0.545 | 4 | 1.000 (0.997–1.003) | 0.213 | 12 | 0.08715 (0.0052–0.1597) | 0.0257 | 11 | 1.7553 (0.4133–2.9804) | 0.0570 | |
| WM | 12 | 0.985 (0.946–1.025) | 0.452 | 4 | 0.999 (0.998–1.000) | 0.986 | 12 | 0.224 (0.085–0.397) | <0.001 | 11 | 0.283 (0.0173–0.537) | 0.0408 | |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidential interval; IVW, inverse-variance weight; WM, weighted median; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphisms; N.A., not available.