Table 1. Summary graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) preventative strategies.

GVHD prophylaxis	Outcome
Calcineurin inhibitor (CSA/TAC) plus MTX/MMF (standard GVHD prophylaxis)	Reduces aGVHD and cGVHD
Addition of sirolimus to standard GVHD prophylaxis	Reduces aGVHD but no difference in cGVHD
Addition of abatacept to standard GVHD prophylaxis	Reduces aGVHD
Post-transplant cyclophosphamide	Reduces aGVHD and cGVHD
In vivo TCD using ATG	Reduces aGVHD and cGVHD
In vivo TCD using alemtuzumab	Reduces aGVHD and cGVHD (increased infection and relapse risk compared with ATG)
Ex vivo TCD - CD3+TCRαβ+/CD19+ lymphocyte removal	Reduces aGVHD and cGVHD
Ex vivo TCD - removal of naïve T-lymphocytes	Reduces cGVHD but not aGVHD
Ex vivo TCD - CD34+ selection with infusion of Tregs (regulatory T-lymphocytes) and conventional T-lymphocytes	Reduces aGVHD and cGVHD

aGVHD, acute graft-versus-host disease; ATG, anti-thymocyte globulin; cGVHD, chronic graft-versus-host disease; CSA, ciclosporin; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MTX, methotrexate; TAC, tacrolimus; TCD, T-cell depletion.