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. 2023 Mar 10;14:30–49. doi: 10.18632/genesandcancer.231

Figure 1. VCP is an essential gene for KRAS-mutant PDAC.

Figure 1

(A) Schematic overview of the DNA damage response (DDR) loss-of-function CRISPR screen. (B) A loss-of-function CRISPR-Cas9 screen using a DNA damage response (DDR) library identified genes that inhibit cell proliferation in KRAS-mutant PDAC cell lines, Pa01C and Pa16C. MAGeCK MLE (maximum-likelihood estimation) analysis was used to obtain beta (β) scores, which measure the degree of selection upon gene loss. Negative β scores indicate that gene loss may inhibit cell proliferation or cause cell death. β scores for samples at 14 and 28 days are plotted. (C) Dependency of indicated genes from The Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap) for pancreatic cell lines using CRISPR or shRNA-mediated gene knockout. Each row of the heatmap corresponds to an individual cell line. Mutations of the indicated gene in a cell line are marked with a black dot. More negative scores indicate higher dependency on a gene for survival.