Study overview. A, The study utilized 2,307 TCGA tumor samples representing five distinct cancer types (bladder, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous, melanoma, and ovarian cancer) to define CSGs of differential immune activation based on expression of cGAS-STING genes. This signature was then tested in an independent dataset of patients with metastatic BLCA (Mariathasan cohort) treated with checkpoint immunotherapy for predictive and prognostic relevance. B, Grouping of cGAS-STING pathway genes split into two gene sets, Activators and Responders, based on their function in the pathway.