Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Participants
| Group 1 MvD+ PPA– (n = 25) | Group 2 MvD+ PPA+ (n = 75) | Group 3 MvD– PPA+ (n = 40) | Group 4 MvD– PPA– (n = 57) | P Value | Post Hoc* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 50.4 ± 14.4 | 61.0 ± 8.8 | 58.8 ± 11.5 | 52.6 ± 13.5 | <0.001 | 1=4<3=2 |
| Male/female (n) | 14/11 | 23/52 | 20/20 | 24/33 | 0.072 | n/a |
| Baseline IOP (mm Hg) | 17.8 ± 5.1 | 18.1 ± 5.9 | 17.7 ± 5.0 | 18.2 ± 5.3 | 0.958 | n/a |
| IOP at OCTA exam (mm Hg) | 12.2 ± 2.2 | 11.9 ± 1.6 | 12.2 ± 2.0 | 12.9 ± 2.6 | 0.080 | n/a |
| Baseline global RNFLT (µm) | 79.4 ± 16.2 | 77.9 ± 12.7 | 80.9 ± 12.6 | 81.1 ± 14.6 | 0.530 | n/a |
| Baseline VF MD (dB) | −5.09 ± 5.93 | −6.03 ± 6.17 | −3.86 ± 4.66 | −3.60 ± 3.93 | 0.042 | 2<3=4 |
| Any episode of DH, n (%) | 8 (32.0) | 26 (34.7) | 11 (27.5) | 13 (22.8) | 0.504 | n/a |
| Recurrent DH, n (%) | 4 (16.0) | 15 (20.0) | 6 (15.0) | 6 (10.5) | 0.529 | n/a |
| Axial length (mm) | 24.09 ± 1.05 | 23.76 ± 1.06 | 23.93 ± 1.34 | 24.23 ± 1.26 | 0.141 | n/a |
| Central corneal thickness (µm) | 564.7 ± 46.8 | 554.5 ± 35.3 | 553.4 ± 33.7 | 553.5 ± 36.8 | 0.609 | n/a |
| Area of MvD (mm2) | 0.23 ± 0.16 | 0.27 ± 0.15 | n/a | n/a | 0.158 | n/a |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 126.5 ± 14.3 | 127.8 ± 17.4 | 128.7 ± 16.4 | 127.9 ± 18.0 | 0.971 | n/a |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 70.0 ± 11.4 | 71.5 ± 11.8 | 76.0 ± 13.0 | 76.2 ± 12.5 | 0.052 | 1=2<4 |
| Sleep apnea, n (%) | 1 (4.0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (7.0) | 0.167 | n/a |
| Migraine, n (%) | 4 (16.0) | 12 (16.0) | 2 (5.0) | 2 (3.5) | 0.050 | 2>4 |
| Cold extremity, n (%) | 8 (32.0) | 23 (30.7) | 4 (10.0) | 7 (12.3) | 0.008 | 1=2>3=4 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 3 (12.0) | 11 (14.7) | 11 (27.5) | 12 (21.1) | 0.300 | n/a |
| Systemic hypertension, n (%) | 5 (20.0) | 32 (42.7) | 18 (45.0) | 22 (38.6) | 0.161 | n/a |
| Cardiac arrhythmia, n (%) | 1 (4.0) | 1 (1.3) | 4 (10.0) | 3 (5.3) | 0.210 | n/a |
| Asthma, n (%) | 2 (8.0) | 3 (4.0) | 2 (5.0) | 1 (1.8) | 0.603 | n/a |
| Smoking, n (%) | 11 (44.0) | 18 (24.0) | 19 (33.3) | 0.138 | n/a |
*
LSD post hoc test.
Statistically significant values are shown in bold.
DH, disc hemorrhage; MD, mean deviation; PPA, β-parapapillary atrophy; RNFLT, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.