Table 4.

Pain scoring: VAS

Mann-Whitney U test (between groups)—VAS
	Approach	N	Mean rank	Sum of rank	U	Z	P-Value
Pre-op	PA	22	21.27	468	215	-0.139	0.89
	DLA	20	21.75	435
2 weeks post-op	PA	22	20.89	459.5	206.5	-0.381	0.7
	DLA	20	22.18	443.5
6 weeks post-op	PA	22	21.86	481	212	-0.359	0.72
	DLA	20	21.1	422
3 months post-op	PA	22	21.95	483	210	-0.953	0.34
	DLA	20	21	420
6 months post-op	PA	22	21.5	473	220	0	1
	DLA	20	21.5	430
Wilcoxon signed-rank test—VAS
Approach	Comparison	N	Mean rank	Sum of rank	Z		P-Value
PA	6 months post-op and pre-op	22	11.5	253	-4.2		0
DLA		20	10.5	210	-4		0

PA: posterior approach, DLA: direct lateral approach