TABLE 3.
Overview of the results
| Trial(s), Sample Size | Results | |
|---|---|---|
| Primary end points | ||
| Functional capacity | 4 studies,6,8,10,11n = 302 | After intervention (3 studies, n = 2466,10,11): MD, 75.36 m; 95% CI, 13.65 to 137.07 m, I2 = 78%, P = 0.02; hospital discharge (2 studies, n = 2596,8): MD, 30.54 m; 95% CI, 8.45 to 52.63 m, I2 = 0%, P = 0.007; follow-up (2 studies, n = 220)6,10: MD, 77.16 m; 95% CI, −10.96 to 165.29 m, I2 = 80%, P = 0.09 |
| 6MWD | ||
| TUG time | 1 study,6n = 203 | Overall: preop minus baseline: MD, −0.33 secs; 95% CI, −0.52 to −0.14 secs; postop minus baseline: MD, 2.10 secs; 95% CI, 1.68 to 2.51 secs |
| 5-meter gait speed time | 1 study,10n = 17 | Overall: preop minus baseline: MD, −1.6 secs; 95% CI, −0.5 to −2.7 secs; postop minus baseline: MD, −1.2 secs; 95% CI, −2.6 to 0.3 secs |
| SPPB | 1 study,11n = 26 | No pooling/calculation because of missing raw data! |
| Secondary end points | ||
| Exercise capacityVO2peak | 1 study,6n = 203 | Overall: preop minus baseline: MD, 32.34 ml/min; 95% CI, 2.65 to 62.04 ml/min; postop minus baseline: MD, −320.33 ml/min; 95% CI, −375.05 to −265.61 ml/min |
| Peak work load | 1 study,6n = 203 | Overall: preop minus baseline: MD, 2.22 w; 95% CI, −0.29 to 4.73 w; postop minus baseline: MD, −10.44 w; 95% CI, −14.56 to −6.32 w |
| Quality of life | 3 studies,6,7,9 nSF-36 = 363; nMacNew = 203 |
SF-36: no pooling/calculation because of missing raw data; MacNEW: overall: preop minus baseline: MD, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.31; postop minus baseline: MD, −0.51; 95% CI, −0.73 to −0.28 |
| QoL (SF-367,9; MacNEW6) | ||
| Postoperative surgical parameter | 6 studies,6–11n = 621; ≤657,8,10: n = 291; >656,9,11: n = 330 | MD, −1.00 d; 95% CI, −1.78 to −0.23 d, I2 = 92%, P = 0.01; ≤65: MD, −1.67 d; 95% CI, −3.33 to 0.00, I2 = 87%, P = 0.05; >65: MD, −0.53 d; 95% CI, −1.77 to 0.71 d, I2 = 66%, P = 0.40 |
| LOS | ||
| ICU | 4 studies,7,8,10,11n = 317 | MD, −265.73 mins; 95% CI, −553.21 to 21.74 mins, I2 = 49%, P = 0.07 |
| Endotracheal extubation | 1 study,8n = 56 | MD, −286 mins; 95% CI, −572.1 to 0.1, P = 0.05 |
| Postoperative complications | 5 studies,6,8–11n = 401; ≤65 yrs7,8,10: n = 291; >65 yrs6,9,11: n = 330 | RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.52, to 1.29, I2 = 33%, P = 0.39; ≤65 yrs: RR 0.34; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.83, I2 = 0%, P = 0.02; >65 yrs: RR 1.04; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.49, I2 = 0%, P = 0.85 |
| AF | ||
| Postoperative pneumonia | 2 studies,8,11n = 82 | RR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02 to 1.00, I2 = 0%, P = 0.05 |
| Postoperative atelectasis | 2 studies,8,10n = 71 | RR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.73, I2 = 0%, P = 0.01 |
| Pleura effusion | 2 studies,6,8n = 259 | RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.28 to 1.88, I2 = 70%, P = 0.07 |
| Postoperative stroke | 2 studies,6,11n = 229 | RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.04 to 3.27, I2 = 0%, P = 0.36 |
| Perioperative mortality | 4 studies,6–8,11n = 531 | Peto OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.14 to 2.06, I2 = 59%, P = 0.36 |
| Cost effectiveness | 1 study,7n = 246 | Participation in EBPrehab group: one day less hospital stay, P = 0.002; net cost saving: $133 per patient per day |
n, number of participants; preop, preoperative; postop, postoperative; QoL, quality of life; SF-36, Short-Form 36; w, watt.