. 2023 Mar 6;2023:8506738. doi: 10.1155/2023/8506738

Table 3.

The growth performance and survival rate in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, after 60 days of supplementation with experimental diets.

Status	Parameters	T ₁ (control)	T ₂	T ₃	T ₄	T ₅
Before challenge	IW (g)	11.53 ± 0.26	11.46 ± 0.29	11.36 ± 0.18	11.36 ± 0.26	11.66 ± 0.24
	FW (g)	42.70 ± 1.04c	48.00 ± 0.45^ab	51.23 ± 0.88^a	45.23 ± 0.67^bc	43.46 ± 0.78^c
	WG (g)	31.16 ± 0.90^c	36.53 ± 0.74^ab	39.86 ± 0.89^a	33.86 ± 0.93^bc	31.80 ± 0.70^c
	FCR	1.98 ± 0.08^a	1.70 ± 0.05^bc	1.48 ± 0.04^c	1.79 ± 0.03^ab	1.93 ± 0.05^ab
	SGR (%d⁻¹)	2.18 ± 0.03^b	2.43 ± 0.10^ab	2.58 ± 0.10^a	2.30 ± 0.06^ab	2.19 ± 0.03^b
	SR (%)	95.33 ± 2.33	96.66 ± 2.02	97.66 ± 2.33	96.66 ± 1.66	95.00 ± 1.15

After challenge	IW (g)	42.70 ± 1.15^c	47.56 ± 0.77^ab	51.10 ± 0.98^a	45.23 ± 0.67^bc	43.46 ± 1.06^bc
	FW (g)	48.33 ± 1.25^d	56.73 ± 0.66^ab	60.93 ± 1.50^a	53.36 ± 0.75^bc	51.26 ± 0.63^cd
	WG (g)	5.63 ± 0.31^b	9.16 ± 0.81	9.83 ± 0.70	8.13 ± 0.66^ab	7.80 ± 0.79^ab
	FCR	2.58 ± 0.12^a	1.63 ± 0.11^b	1.52 ± 0.07^b	1.76 ± 0.12^b	1.90 ± 0.12^b
	SGR (%d⁻¹)	0.88 ± 0.04	1.25 ± 0.11	1.25 ± 0.07	1.18 ± 0.09	1.18 ± 0.13
	SR (%)	93.33 ± 1.66^a	93.33 ± 1.66^a	93.33 ± 3.33^a	95.00 ± 2.88^a	93.33 ± 1.66^a

IW: initial weight; FW: final weight; WG: weight gain; FCR: feed conversion ratio; SGR: specific growth rate; SR: survival rate. T₁ (control): nonsupplemented fish; T₂: fish fed diet containing 1 × 10⁶ probiotic; T₃: fish fed diet containing 1 × 10⁸ probiotic; T₄: fish fed diet containing 0.5% hawthorn extract; T₅: fish fed diet containing 1% hawthorn extract. Data represented as mean ± SE. Different letters in the same row indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).