Table 1.
Characteristics of the 5 Pediatric Subtypes
| Characteristic | Total | Subtypes |
χ2 p-value |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | |||
| No. of patients (%) | 39807 (100) | 12621 (31.7) | 3139 (7.9) | 7299 (18.3) | 5269 (13.2) | 11479 (28.8) | |
| Age, Mean (SD), yr | 7.1 (4.1) | 7.1 (4.3) | 7.3 (4.4) | 7.3 (4.2) | 6.3 (3.8) | 7.3 (3.9) | |
| Sex, No. (%) | |||||||
| Female | 16381 (41.2) | 5239 (41.5) | 1328 (42.3) | 3041 (41.7) | 2160 (41) | 4613 (40.2) | *** |
| Race,# No. (%) | |||||||
| Asian | 239 (0.6) | 65 (0.5) | 20 (0.6) | 49 (0.7) | 29 (0.6) | 76 (0.7) | *** |
| Black | 16127 (40.5) | 5913 (46.9) | 889 (28.3) | 2495 (34.2) | 2264 (43) | 4566 (39.8) | *** |
| White | 11223 (28.2) | 3092 (24.5) | 1126 (35.9) | 2140 (29.3) | 1882 (35.7) | 2983 (26) | *** |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 71 (0.2) | 21 (0.2) | 7 (0.2) | 13 (0.2) | 7 (0.1) | 23 (0.2) | ns |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 3 (< 0.1) | 1 (<0.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (<0.1) | 2 (<0.1) | 2 (<0.1) | ns |
| Multiple races | 113 (2.8) | 24 (0.2) | 19 (0.6) | 14 (0.2) | 29 (0.6) | 27 (0.2) | * |
| Other^ | 9517 (23.9) | 2781 (22) | 707 (22.5) | 2044 (28) | 859 (16.3) | 3126 (27.2) | *** |
| Comorbidities, No. (%) | |||||||
| Obesity | 6117 (15.4) | 1533 (12.1) | 967 (30.8) | 1270 (17.4) | 500 (9.5) | 1847 (16.1) | ns |
| Allergic rhinitis | 17972 (45.1) | 2486 (19.7) | 2427 (77.3) | 4513 (61.8) | 1881 (35.7) | 6665 (58.1) | *** |
| Sinusitis | 10983 (27.6) | 2138 (16.9) | 1330 (42.4) | 6201 (85) | 1182 (22.4) | 132 (1.1) | *** |
| Hypertension | 853 (2.1) | 208 (1.6) | 267 (8.5) | 166 (2.3) | 71 (1.3) | 141 (1.2) | *** |
| Second hand smoke exposure | 1665 (4.2) | 412 (3.3) | 206 (6.6) | 259 (3.5) | 312 (5.9) | 476 (4.1) | *** |
| Depression | 1260 (3.2) | 300 (2.4) | 244 (7.8) | 278 (3.8) | 126 (2.4) | 312 (2.7) | *** |
| GERD | 3781 (9.5) | 690 (5.5) | 2342 (74.6) | 389 (5.3) | 360 (6.8) | 0 (0) | *** |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 2453 (6.2) | 341 (2.7) | 1191 (37.9) | 424 (5.8) | 182 (3.5) | 315 (2.7) | *** |
| Eczema | 9783 (24.6) | 1981 (15.7) | 1071 (34.1) | 2173 (29.8) | 1330 (25.2) | 3228 (28.1) | *** |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 178 (0.4) | 45 (0.4) | 99 (3.2) | 14 (0.2) | 9 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | *** |
| Disorders relating to short gestation and low birthweight | 668 (1.7) | 152 (1.2) | 257 (8.2) | 77 (1.1) | 87 (1.7) | 95 (0.8) | *** |
| Environmental allergies | 5130 (12.9) | 689 (5.5) | 656 (20.9) | 1188 (16.3) | 890 (16.9) | 1707 (14.9) | *** |
| Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis | 17 (0) | 3 (0) | 6 (0.2) | 4 (0.1) | 1 (0) | 3 (0) | * |
| Drug Class, No. (%) | |||||||
| Systemic corticosteroid | 35967 (90.4) | 10382 (82.3) | 3126 (99.6) | 5875 (80.5) | 5105 (96.9) | 11479 (100) | *** |
| Inhaled corticosteroid | 29203 (73.4) | 6188 (49) | 3127 (99.6) | 6848 (93.8) | 1561 (29.6) | 11479 (100) | *** |
| Long-acting beta agonist | 4023 (10.1) | 355 (2.8) | 1005 (32) | 872 (11.9) | 126 (2.4) | 1665 (14.5) | *** |
| Allergy | 27004 (67.8) | 67 (0.5) | 3087 (98.3) | 7266 (99.5) | 5105 (96.9) | 11479 (100) | ** |
| Allergy & Asthma shortacting beta agonist | 4063 (10.2) | 776 (6.1) | 830 (26.4) | 489 (6.7) | 630 (12) | 1338 (11.7) | *** |
| Biologic agent | 116 (0.3) | 67 (0.5) | 49 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ns |
| Other controller | 315 (0.8) | 18 (0.1) | 266 (8.5) | 8 (0.1) | 23 (0.4) | 0 (0) | ns |
| Other short-acting beta agonist | 4 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | 2 (0) | ns |
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.01
***
p<0.001
#
ns=not significant, GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease, Race - missing data not shown
^
Other = Other as defined by PCORnet common data model v6.0.