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. 2023 Feb 23;55(3):389–398. doi: 10.1038/s41588-023-01327-9

Fig. 2. Trait–trait genetic and functional similarities determined from network expansion of GWAS data.

Fig. 2

a, Tree showing the Manhattan distance between all traits, using the full PPR score. Hierarchical clustering was performed using a cutoff of h = 1, leading to 54 clusters, colored depending on the predominant EFO ancestry term. The right-hand panel is a barplot showing the 54 clusters with the frequencies for the predominant EFO ancestry terms and a heatmap showing the counts for ChEMBL targets and drugs. The text label next to each cluster corresponds to the second most predominant EFO terms that, on average, label 35% of the traits within the clusters that have a text label. b, Examples of traits grouped using the Manhattan distance, extracted from the tree in a. CSF, colony-stimulating factor; Ig, immunolglobulin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.