Figure 2. Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (sGFAP) and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain (sNfL) z Scores in Patients With and Without Confirmed Disease Worsening During Follow-up While Receiving B-Cell–Depleting Therapy in Comparison to Healthy Controls.

Box plot representation of sGFAP z scores (A) and sNfL z scores (B). Dashed lines indicate mean values in healthy controls (ie, z score = 0) and P values below indicate whether observed values differ from z scores 0 (Wilcoxon signed rank test). In patients with MS (without and with future confirmed disease worsening [CDW] development), sGFAP levels were increased compared with healthy controls (z scores healthy controls = 0; P < .001 for both), whereas the increase of sNfL was less pronounced (P < .001 for both). Development of CDW was associated with higher sGFAP z scores, which was not the case for sNfL.