Table 2.
Characteristics of individuals with diabetes at baseline and at the time point of first manifestation of the corresponding complication (N=4259).
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Characteristics of individuals at baseline | Retinopathy | Nephropathy | Neuropathy | PVDa | CeVDb | CVDc | ||
| Number of individuals, n | 4259 | 59 | 374 | 130 | 123 | 195 | 229 | ||
| Number of individuals without specific complication at/before baseline, n | N/Ad | 4197 | 3541 | 4144 | 4101 | 4020 | 3678 | ||
| 5-year incidence (%) | N/A | 1.4 | 10.6 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 4.9 | 6.2 | ||
| Demographic data | |||||||||
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Sex, n (%) | ||||||||
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Female | 2,397 (56.3) | 33 (55.9) | 203 (54.3) | 68 (52.3) | 52 (42.3) | 98 (50.3) | 96 (41.9) |
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Male | 1,862 (43.7) | 26 (44.1) | 171 (45.7) | 62 (47.7) | 71 (57.7) | 97 (49.7) | 133 (58.1) |
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Age (years), mean (SD) | 52.9 (9.5) | 58.8 (9.8) | 59.7 (6.8) | 60.7 (7.4) | 61.7 (5.7) | 60.2 (7.5) | 59.8 (6.5) | |
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BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 30.6 (5.8) | 32.8 (5.0) | 31.9 (5.6) | 33.3 (6.3) | 32.2 (5.9) | 31.1 (5.8) | 31.6 (6.5) | |
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SBPe (mmHg), mean (SD) | 126.6 (13.8) | 135.0 (16.3) | 130.8 (13.5) | 128.6 (11.8) | 131.6 (12.6) | 130.8 (14.7) | 129.7 (14.5) | |
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DBPf (mmHg), mean (SD) | 77.7 (7.8) | 78.6 (7.4) | 78.5 (7.3) | 76.6 (5.8) | 80.5 (22.5) | 78.1 (7.7) | 77.8 (6.6) | |
| Biomarkers, mean (SD) | |||||||||
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Glucose (mg/dL) | 104.72 (15.54) | 123.88 (39.55) | 113.15 (22.51) | 116.98 (25.79) | 114.38 (23.62) | 107.38 (14.46) | 109.09 (15.07) | |
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HbA1cg (%) | 6.16 (0.72) | 6.79 (1.0) | 6.49 (0.87) | 6.59 (0.75) | 6.39 (0.79) | 6.23 (0.72) | 6.41 (0.88) | |
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HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 43.89 (7.93) | 50.75 (10.93) | 47.42 (9.56) | 48.56 (8.21) | 46.36 (8.62) | 44.65 (7.85) | 46.55 (9.55) | |
aPVD: peripheral vascular disease.
bCeVD: cerebrovascular disease.
cCVD: cardiovascular disease.
dN/A: not applicable.
eSBP: systolic blood pressure.
fDBP: diastolic blood pressure.
gHbA1c: glycated hemoglobin.